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Questions and Answers
What degree did Graham E. Martin earn from Indiana University?
What degree did Graham E. Martin earn from Indiana University?
When was Graham E. Martin promoted to lieutenant (junior grade)?
When was Graham E. Martin promoted to lieutenant (junior grade)?
Which craft was Graham E. Martin assigned to while in San Francisco?
Which craft was Graham E. Martin assigned to while in San Francisco?
What was Dennis Denmark Nelson's degree from Fisk University?
What was Dennis Denmark Nelson's degree from Fisk University?
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When was Reagan promoted to lieutenant, USNR?
When was Reagan promoted to lieutenant, USNR?
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In what year did Dennis Denmark Nelson enlist in the Naval Reserve?
In what year did Dennis Denmark Nelson enlist in the Naval Reserve?
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What role did Reagan serve in after his training at the Naval Amphibious Base?
What role did Reagan serve in after his training at the Naval Amphibious Base?
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What position was Dennis Denmark Nelson appointed to in 1944?
What position was Dennis Denmark Nelson appointed to in 1944?
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In which conflict did Reagan serve as a Boat Company Commander?
In which conflict did Reagan serve as a Boat Company Commander?
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What was the date of Reagan's release from active duty for the first time?
What was the date of Reagan's release from active duty for the first time?
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Where did Graham E. Martin retire from?
Where did Graham E. Martin retire from?
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Which medal was NOT listed as one of the awards Reagan received?
Which medal was NOT listed as one of the awards Reagan received?
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When did Martin and his wife Alma move to Bluefield, West Virginia?
When did Martin and his wife Alma move to Bluefield, West Virginia?
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What unique distinction did Frank E. Sublett achieve in the U.S. Navy?
What unique distinction did Frank E. Sublett achieve in the U.S. Navy?
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What position did Samuel Edward Barnes hold before enlisting in the U.S. Naval Reserve?
What position did Samuel Edward Barnes hold before enlisting in the U.S. Naval Reserve?
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In what year did Frank E. Sublett enlist in the U.S. Naval Reserve?
In what year did Frank E. Sublett enlist in the U.S. Naval Reserve?
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What was Sublett's profession before becoming an officer?
What was Sublett's profession before becoming an officer?
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Where did Barnes receive further training after commissioning?
Where did Barnes receive further training after commissioning?
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When did Barnes advance to the rank of lieutenant (junior grade)?
When did Barnes advance to the rank of lieutenant (junior grade)?
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What medals did Lieutenant Barnes receive for his service?
What medals did Lieutenant Barnes receive for his service?
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What was Samuel Edward Barnes's role at the Naval Training Center, Great Lakes, Illinois?
What was Samuel Edward Barnes's role at the Naval Training Center, Great Lakes, Illinois?
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When was Barnes released from active duty?
When was Barnes released from active duty?
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What significant restriction did Barnes and other Golden Thirteen members face?
What significant restriction did Barnes and other Golden Thirteen members face?
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Where was Barnes born?
Where was Barnes born?
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What was the primary concern White expressed in his letter to Wesley Brown?
What was the primary concern White expressed in his letter to Wesley Brown?
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What position did White hold after leaving naval service?
What position did White hold after leaving naval service?
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Which innovative program did White implement as a county judge?
Which innovative program did White implement as a county judge?
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When did White pass away?
When did White pass away?
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What was the anticipated officer commission outcome for the class based on attrition rates?
What was the anticipated officer commission outcome for the class based on attrition rates?
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What role did Augustus Alves achieve after the war?
What role did Augustus Alves achieve after the war?
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What profession did J.B. Pinkney have before joining the military?
What profession did J.B. Pinkney have before joining the military?
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What happened to Lewis 'Mummy' Williams after passing his exams?
What happened to Lewis 'Mummy' Williams after passing his exams?
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What position did Goodwin hold when he first enlisted in the United States Naval Reserve?
What position did Goodwin hold when he first enlisted in the United States Naval Reserve?
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On what date was Goodwin promoted to lieutenant (junior grade)?
On what date was Goodwin promoted to lieutenant (junior grade)?
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What was James Edward Hair's occupation before joining the U.S. Naval Reserve?
What was James Edward Hair's occupation before joining the U.S. Naval Reserve?
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Where did Goodwin undergo basic training?
Where did Goodwin undergo basic training?
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What notable achievement did Hair attain in 1944?
What notable achievement did Hair attain in 1944?
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What medal did Goodwin NOT receive for his service?
What medal did Goodwin NOT receive for his service?
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What significant step did Hair take after graduating from Bethune-Cookman College?
What significant step did Hair take after graduating from Bethune-Cookman College?
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Where did Goodwin retire?
Where did Goodwin retire?
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What rank was Ensign Hair promoted to in 1945?
What rank was Ensign Hair promoted to in 1945?
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Which ship did Ensign Hair join in March 1945?
Which ship did Ensign Hair join in March 1945?
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Which significant characteristic did the USS Mason have during World War II?
Which significant characteristic did the USS Mason have during World War II?
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What degree did Ensign Hair earn after returning to civilian life?
What degree did Ensign Hair earn after returning to civilian life?
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Where was Charles Byrd Lear born?
Where was Charles Byrd Lear born?
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What was one of Charles Byrd Lear's roles during his service?
What was one of Charles Byrd Lear's roles during his service?
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When was Charles Byrd Lear released from active duty?
When was Charles Byrd Lear released from active duty?
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Which medals did Charles Byrd Lear receive during his service?
Which medals did Charles Byrd Lear receive during his service?
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Study Notes
The Golden Thirteen
- The Golden Thirteen were the first African American officers in the U.S. Navy
- In January 1944, 16 Black enlisted men were selected for officer training at Great Lakes, Illinois
- A strong sentiment in the Navy was that African Americans couldn't succeed as officers
- The training course was initially intended to set the men up for failure, with a 25% attrition rate expected
- The 16 men supported each other during the intense training, working together and studying at night
- All 16 men passed the exams with an average grade of 3.89/4, exceeding all other classes
- Despite passing, only 12 were commissioned as officers, and the other 3 were returned to enlisted ranks with no explanation
- The 12 commissioned officers were nicknamed the Golden Thirteen, with the 3 others demoted without explanation
- The group's success challenged the prevailing prejudices against African American officers and highlighted the inherent bias of the era
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Golden Thirteen, the first African American officers in the U.S. Navy. Learn about their training, challenges faced, and the impact they had on military history. This quiz covers key events and facts surrounding this historic group.
