The Golden Thirteen Officers Training

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Questions and Answers

In what year did the group of sixteen Black enlisted men begin their officer training at Recruit Training Center?

  • 1942
  • 1945
  • 1944 (correct)
  • 1943

What was the expected duration of the normal officer training course for these enlisted men?

  • 20 weeks
  • 16 weeks (correct)
  • 24 weeks
  • 12 weeks

What average grade did the group achieve after retaking their exams?

  • 3.89 (correct)
  • 3.50
  • 3.25
  • 4.00

How many of the sixteen enlisted men were ultimately commissioned as officers?

<p>12 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nickname was given to the group of men who successfully completed their training?

<p>The Golden Thirteen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial sentiment within the Navy regarding African Americans becoming officers?

<p>They believed African Americans could not succeed as officers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the expected attrition rate for the group of sixteen Black enlisted men during their officer training?

<p>Twenty-five percent attrition was expected. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did the group of men take to facilitate their studying during night hours?

<p>Placed blankets over their windows to study by flashlight. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was particularly notable about the average grade the group achieved after retaking their exams?

<p>It was the highest average of any class in Navy history at that time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many members of the group were initially commissioned as officers?

<p>Twelve were commissioned, and one became a chief warrant officer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response from some in Washington regarding the group's exam results?

<p>They believed the men had cheated due to their outstanding marks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nickname was given to the group of men who successfully passed their training, even with prejudice against them?

<p>The Golden Thirteen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the original number of enlisted men being trained as officers in January 1944?

<p>Sixteen men. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the group of sixteen support each other during the training?

<p>They encouraged each other and shared expertise. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened to the three men who were not commissioned as officers following their training?

<p>They were sent back to the enlisted ranks without explanations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

The Golden Thirteen

In January 1944, sixteen Black enlisted men were selected to train as officers in the US Navy at the Great Lakes Naval Training Center. The training was shortened to eight weeks instead of the usual sixteen, with an expected 25% attrition rate.

Intentional Challenge in Training

The Navy's condensed training program for the sixteen Black candidates was intended to create an environment where they would fail. This assumption stemmed from prevalent prejudice that African Americans could not excel as officers.

Mutual Support and Collaboration

Despite facing immense obstacles, the sixteen Black men diligently studied together, using their combined knowledge to overcome the demanding training. This collaborative spirit helped them overcome the challenges posed by the condensed training.

Limited Commissioning

After successfully completing the training program and achieving outstanding scores on exams, the Navy initially planned to only commission twelve of the sixteen men as officers. This suggests a persistent bias and a reluctance to fully embrace Black officers.

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Overcoming Obstacles

Despite the initial resistance and the attempt to impede their progress, the sixteen Black sailors demonstrated their resilience and capability by achieving success in the training program. They shattered stereotypes and paved the way for future generations of Black officers in the US Navy.

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The Golden Thirteen - Origin

In January 1944, the US Navy selected 16 Black enlisted men for officer training. This groundbreaking decision challenged the deeply rooted prejudice that African Americans were unfit for leadership roles.

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Intentional Challenges

The Navy's condensed training program for the 16 Black candidates was designed to make them fail. This strategy mirrored the prevailing belief that African Americans were incapable of excelling as officers.

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Mutual Support

Despite facing immense obstacles, the 16 Black men studied together, using their combined knowledge to overcome the demanding training. Their collaborative spirit helped them succeed against the odds.

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Breaking Barriers

The 16 Black sailors overcame initial resistance, defying expectations and demonstrating their capability by achieving success in the training program. They shattered stereotypes and paved the way for future generations of Black officers in the US Navy.

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Initial Rejection

Even though they passed the demanding training program, the Navy originally planned to commission only 12 out of the 16 men as officers, highlighting the existing prejudices.

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High Attrition Rate

The Navy conducted the training program with a 25% attrition rate expectation, revealing the Navy's belief that many Black candidates would fail the rigorous training.

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Suspicion of Cheating

After scoring so high on their exams, the Navy suspected cheating. They were forced to retake the exams, but they scored even higher, achieving the highest average of any class in Navy history at that time.

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Collaborative Learning

The men studied tirelessly, often past lights out, to help each other excel in their training. Their dedication and collaborative spirit contributed significantly to their collective success.

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Study Notes

Black Navy Officers Training

  • In January 1944, nearly 100,000 Black sailors served in the US Navy, but none were officers.
  • Sixteen Black enlisted men were selected for officer training at Recruit Training Center, Great Lakes, Illinois.
  • The normal officer training course was 16 weeks, but these men were compressed into 8 weeks, likely to fail.
  • Navy anticipated a 25% attrition rate, similar to white officer candidates, but the group was determined not to fail.
  • Despite the late lights out time of 10:30pm, the group studied together by flashlight, leveraging each other's expertise.
  • All sixteen men passed their exams with exceptionally high grades (an average of 3.89 out of 4), a record for the Navy at that time.
  • High grades raised suspicions of cheating and the group was required to retake some exams; they performed even better on the retake.
  • Although all sixteen passed, only 12 were commissioned as officers (75%).
  • A thirteenth man received a chief warrant officer position, earning the nickname "The Golden Thirteen".
  • The remaining three were returned to enlisted ranks without explanation.

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