The Glossopharyngeal Nerve

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Questions and Answers

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for innervating the cardiovascular system?

  • Sympathetic (correct)
  • Enteric
  • Somatic
  • Parasympathetic

What is the primary function of the autonomic efferent pathway?

  • Coordination
  • Motor control (correct)
  • Memory formation
  • Sensory perception

Where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons located in the autonomic efferent pathway?

  • Central nervous system (correct)
  • Peripheral ganglion
  • Target organ
  • None of the above

Which division of the autonomic nervous system supplies blood vessels in the body?

<p>Sympathetic division (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of parasympathetic innervation on the heart?

<p>Decrease heart rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of sympathetic innervation on blood vessels?

<p>Constriction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are perivascular nerves?

<p>Nerves that run along blood vessels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vertebral level does the vagus nerve pass through the diaphragm with the esophagus?

<p>T10 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fiber carries autonomic (visceral or involuntary) motor signals?

<p>GVE (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve supplies skeletal muscles of the palate, pharynx, and larynx?

<p>Vagus nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve contains both motor and sensory fibers?

<p>Glossopharyngeal nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies structures in the head and neck as far inferiorly as the lower pharynx?

<p>Glossopharyngeal nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve carry somatic sensations from the skin of the external ear and oropharynx?

<p>GSA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve carry taste fibers from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

<p>SVA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the pathway of GVA fibers from the heart to the spinal gray matter?

<p>They run from peripheral to central, following sympathetic pathways until they reach the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely dermatome(s) to produce discomfort in cases of cardiac distress?

<p>T1-5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway do GVA fibers from the T3 spinal level take to run from the heart to the spinal gray matter?

<p>Sympathetic pathway (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What pathway do monitoring fibers from the heart take to reach the CNS?

<p>Cranial nerves IX and X (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the sympathetic supply to the heart?

<p>The sympathetic fibers originate from spinal levels T1-5 and synapse in the stellate ganglion or middle cervical ganglion before reaching the heart. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves synapse in the sympathetic chain?

<p>At the same spinal level where they originate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the cardiac plexus?

<p>Below the aortic arch and anterior to the right pulmonary artery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is referred pain?

<p>Pain felt at a site other than the actual anatomical location of the problem. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vertebral level does the vagus nerve pass through the diaphragm with the esophagus?

<p>T10 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve supplies skeletal muscles of the palate, pharynx, and larynx?

<p>Vagus nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of parasympathetic innervation on the heart?

<p>Decreased heart rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is referred pain?

<p>Pain that is felt in a different location than its actual source (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve contains both motor and sensory fibers?

<p>Glossopharyngeal nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve carry taste fibers from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

<p>SVA fibers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the carotid body?

<p>To act as an arterial chemoreceptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic parasympathetic neurons that innervate the parotid salivary gland located?

<p>Otic ganglion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which spinal levels do the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves originate from?

<p>T1-T5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves synapse in the sympathetic chain?

<p>At their same spinal level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the cardiac plexus?

<p>Base of the heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sympathetic fibers in the cardiac plexus?

<p>Increase rapidity and strength of heartbeat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the pathway of the vagus nerve in the thorax?

<p>It descends from the carotid sheath to enter the superior mediastinum and runs superficial to the arch of the aorta. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies blood vessels and lymphatic vessels in the body?

<p>Perivascular nerves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of sympathetic innervation on blood vessels?

<p>Constriction of blood vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the autonomic nervous system supplies the heart?

<p>Both parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the autonomic efferent pathway in the cardiovascular system?

<p>Consists of preganglionic neurons located in the CNS, peripheral ganglion, and target organ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the autonomic efferent pathway in the cardiovascular system?

<p>To supply smooth muscle, glands, and specialized cardiac muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of the cardiovascular system?

<p>Sympathetic innervation originates from the CNS and has specific effects on target organs, while parasympathetic innervation originates from the PNS and has general effects on target organs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the pathway of GVA fibers from the heart to the spinal gray matter?

<p>GVA fibers from the heart travel along sympathetic pathways without synapsing in the sympathetic chain, then enter the dorsal root to reach the spinal gray matter. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dermatomes are most likely to produce discomfort in cases of cardiac distress?

<p>T1-5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What pathway do GVA fibers from the T3 spinal level take to run from the heart to the spinal gray matter?

<p>GVA fibers from the T3 spinal level travel along sympathetic pathways without synapsing in the sympathetic chain, then enter the dorsal root to reach the spinal gray matter. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What pathway would monitoring fibers take from the heart to the CNS?

<p>Monitoring fibers from the heart would travel along sympathetic pathways and synapse in the sympathetic chain before entering the dorsal root to reach the CNS. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sympathetic Division

Innervates the cardiovascular system.

Autonomic Efferent function

Motor control via autonomic nerves.

Preganglionic Neuron Location

The central nervous system (CNS)

Blood Vessel Supply

Sympathetic division

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Parasympathetic Heart Effect

Decreases heart rate.

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Sympathetic Vessel Effect

Constriction of blood vessels

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Perivascular Nerves

Nerves running along blood vessels.

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Vagus Nerve Diaphragm Level

T10

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GVE Fibers

General Visceral Efferent; autonomic motor signals.

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Palate/Pharynx/Larynx Innervation

Vagus nerve

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Mixed Cranial Nerve

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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Head/Neck Supply

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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Glossopharyngeal GSA Fibers

General Somatic Afferent; skin/oropharynx sensations.

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Glossopharyngeal SVA Fibers

Special Visceral Afferent; Taste from tongue's posterior 1/3.

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GVA Pathway from Heart

Follow sympathetic pathways to the dorsal horn.

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Cardiac Distress Dermatomes

T1-5

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T3 GVA Fibers Pathway

Sympathetic pathway

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Monitoring Fibers pathway to CNS

Cranial nerves IX and X

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Sympathetic Heart Supply

Originate from T1-5, synapse in stellate or middle cervical ganglions.

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Cardiopulmonary Splanchnic Synapse

At the same spinal level where they originate.

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Cardiac Plexus Location

Below the aortic arch and anterior to the right pulmonary artery.

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Referred Pain

Pain felt away from the actual anatomical location of the problem.

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Carotid Body Function

To act as an arterial chemoreceptor

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Parotid Gland Preganglionic Neuron Location

The otic ganglion

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Cardiopulmonary Splanchnic Nerves Origin

T1-T5

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Cardiopulmonary Splanchnic Synapse

At their same spinal level

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Cardiac Plexus Location

Base of the heart

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Sympathetic Effect

Increase rapidity and strength of heartbeat

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Vagus Nerve in Thorax

Descends carotid sheath, superior mediastinum

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Sympathetic innervation

Constriction of blood vessels

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