The Genius in Science - November Revision

The unit used to measure the strength of electric charges. It's like saying 'how much charge' an object has.

A special arrangement of materials that tells you how easily they lose electrons when rubbed together. The higher a material is on the list, the more easily it loses electrons.

The type of electric force that pushes objects apart. It occurs between objects with the same type of charge.

The force that attracts objects towards each other. It occurs between objects with opposite types of charge.

The area around a charged object where its electric force is felt. Imagine it like a 'force field' around the charge.

Lines that show the direction a small, positive charge would move if placed in an electric field. Think of them as pathways for positive charges.

A process where an uncharged object becomes charged by touching a charged object. It's like sharing the charge.

A device for detecting the presence and type of charge on an object. It helps you tell if something is charged and what kind of charge it has.

Plant cells have a large vacuole, cell wall, and chloroplasts. Animal cells have centrioles and lysosomes.

Muscle tissue is made of long muscle cells that allow for contraction and relaxation, enabling movement.

Prokaryotic cells are simple, small, and lack many organelles.

Eukaryotic cells can be single-celled or multi-celled, are larger, and have many organelles.

The gravitational field intensity on Earth is 6 times stronger than on the Moon's surface.

When a glass rod is rubbed with silk, it becomes positively charged, causing the leaves of the electroscope to diverge. When a wooden rod is rubbed with wool, it becomes negatively charged, also causing the leaves to diverge.

When a magnet is suspended freely, it aligns itself with the Earth's magnetic field, pointing north and south.

If a magnet is broken, each piece will have its own north and south pole.

A type of chemical bond where three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms resulting in a strong and stable bond.

Materials that are attracted to magnets and can be magnetized themselves, such as iron, steel, cobalt, and nickel.

Materials that are not attracted to magnets and cannot be magnetized, such as gold, aluminum, copper, and silver.

Substances formed by sharing electrons between atoms, often creating molecules. They typically have lower melting points and are less soluble in water.

Substances formed when atoms transfer electrons, forming positively and negatively charged ions that attract each other. They tend to have higher melting points and dissolve in water.

Forces that act directly between two objects in contact with each other, like friction forces, collision forces, and elasticity forces.

Forces that act at a distance without any physical contact, like gravitational forces, electrostatic forces, and magnetic forces.

Single-celled organisms, often microscopic, that belong to the kingdom Protista.

The force of gravity acting on an object's mass. It's measured in Newtons (N).

The amount of matter in an object. It's measured in kilograms (kg).

The strength of the gravitational pull at a specific location. It's measured in Newtons per kilogram (N/kg).

The relationship between weight, mass, and gravitational field intensity. It's a formula to calculate any of these values given the other two.

The number of objects with a specific mass needed to create a given total weight.

The weight of an object can change depending on the gravitational field intensity of the location. It's greater on Earth than on the Moon, for example.

The mass of an object remains constant regardless of its location, even though its weight may change due to varying gravity.

All materials are made up of atoms which have equal amounts of positive protons and negative electrons, resulting in a net neutral charge.

The strength of the gravitational field at a particular point, measured in Newtons per kilogram (N/kg). It indicates the force that would be exerted on a 1 kg mass at that point.

A device that uses a magnetic needle to indicate direction. It aligns itself with the Earth's magnetic field.

A device used to measure the magnitude of an electric charge. It can determine how much charge is stored in a given object.

A device consisting of a spring attached to a hook, used to measure the force exerted by an object, directly displaying the force in units like Newtons.

A metal rod placed on the highest point of a building or structure to protect it from lightning strikes. It's typically made of copper or aluminum.

A metal chain that connects a fuel tank to the ground. It serves as a path for static electricity to discharge, preventing potentially dangerous sparks when filling tanks.

A process of depositing a thin layer of metal onto a surface using an electric current. It's often used for decorative or protective purposes.

Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms with no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, like bacteria. Eukaryotes, like bread mold fungus and protozoa, have a nucleus and complex internal structures.

An object's weight is the force of gravity acting on its mass. The moon's gravity is weaker than Earth's, so an object weighs less on the moon.

Weight is the force of gravity on an object's mass. Mass is the amount of matter in an object. On Earth's surface, weight is always greater than mass because gravity is pulling on the mass.

A bar magnet attracts iron filings because of its magnetic field. The iron filings are attracted to the poles of the magnet, where the magnetic field is strongest.

When opposite poles of two magnets (north and south) are brought together, they attract each other. This is because the magnetic fields align, creating a stronger combined magnetic force.

When similar poles of two magnets (north and north or south and south) are brought together, they repel each other. Their magnetic fields oppose each other, creating a pushing force.

Dividing a magnet creates two new magnets, each with its own north and south pole. The magnetic field is concentrated at the poles of the magnet.

When a magnet is suspended freely, it aligns itself with the Earth's magnetic field. The north pole of the magnet will point towards the Earth's magnetic south pole, and vice versa.