Questions and Answers
What knowledge do you need to gain in order to critique music using the elements of music?
Knowledge about the elements of music and music itself, as well as the background and reasoning of the artist.
In three sentences, describe how you will use the information learned in this unit to evaluate music.
I learned about the elements of music which include tone quality, expression, pitch accuracy, blend, diction, style, and stage presence. I will use these terms to evaluate the quality of a piece of music in this class and beyond. Good stage presence is when a performer captures the audience's full attention during their performance.
What are the musical elements used to compare the performances of 'The Star Spangled Banner'?
Tone quality, expression, pitch accuracy, stage presence, diction/articulation, and style.
What elements were considered in critiquing 'The Imperial March' by John Williams?
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Compare and contrast the two performances of 'The Star Spangled Banner'. Describe similarities and differences.
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Describe the importance of jazz and its subgenres to this era.
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How did individuality help jazz as it spread through the United States?
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Write a short essay on the life and career of Buddy Holly.
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How did the Beatles change America?
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How did Rock and Roll grow and change throughout the 50's and 60's?
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Describe what you feel Woodstock was like.
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How do you think the song 'Respect' helped inspire women's rights?
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Write a short essay on the impact of Motown music.
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How did the success of Motown change American music during the 60's and 70's?
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Who were some of the most popular bands of the 1970s in Heavy Metal?
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How did subgenres of rock music grow through the era and change the ideas of what music should be?
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In what ways does the music industry guide your taste in music?
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Where or how do people my age listen to music?
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Where or how do people my age learn about new music?
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How has music progressed to the point where it is today?
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What minor changes could make music better than it is now?
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How do you think the music elements will relate to the music in the future?
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Discuss what you thought about Hembrey's speech.
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Discuss what you thought about Thum's speech.
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Discuss what you thought about Beardyman's speech.
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What do you think music will look like in the future?
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Discuss whether you support music streaming or whether you are against it.
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Jazz first appeared in the city of ____
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In jazz, what is more important?
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Which of the following did NOT eventually lead to the creation of jazz?
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Which of the following is NOT a common jazz instrument?
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Jazz was born about
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Select all that apply: Ragtime
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Ragtime's most important and famous composer is ____
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Who of the following was NOT a famous jazz trumpet player?
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Which of the following is true of jazz music?
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The Big Band/Swing Era was popular during WWII.
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Most early jazz musicians had humble beginnings.
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Duke Ellington was one of jazz's most popular composers.
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Scat is a word used to describe the way a saxophone is played.
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________ was the style of jazz that came about after the Swing Style.
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Charlie Parker, Sidney Bouchet, and Kenny G. all played the ______.
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Glenn Miller, Tommy Dorsey, and Benny Goodman all were leaders of ______.
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Match the following artists with their descriptions:
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Characteristics of bebop are
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Where would bebop bands perform?
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Some musicians thought bebop was loud and just a bunch of reckless noise.
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What slang term did bebop musicians invent?
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Who was the biggest musician in bebop?
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Dizzy Gillespie's trumpet was angled at 45 degrees because someone accidentally sat on it.
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Dizzy Gillespie was a band leader.
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What music did Dizzy Gillespie introduce to jazz?
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What instrument did Dizzy Gillespie play?
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Which is not one of Gillespie's famous songs?
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What genre of music is Scott Joplin linked to?
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Which is not one of Scott Joplin's famous tunes?
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His parents were musicians.
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What did Joplin do when he left home?
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Scott Joplin lived in Missouri?
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What music royalties did Joplin get from writing Maple Leaf Rag?
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What genre did Joplin start writing for later in his career?
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Why did Joplin's first opera get shut down?
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When did Scott Joplin die?
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How big is the band that typically plays swing?
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Why was swing so important for the jazz genre?
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What is a riff?
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Who was the 'King of Swing'?
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Who had the best band?
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What coincided with swing music?
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Why did the swing era come to an end?
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Who were the two most popular swing composers?
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What was the next style of music after jazz?
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Study Notes
Music Critique Elements
- Understanding music critique requires knowledge of music elements and artist background.
- Elements of music include tone quality, expression, pitch accuracy, blend, diction, style, and stage presence.
- Diction refers to pronunciation while timbre describes sound quality.
Performance Comparisons
- Two performances of "The Star Spangled Banner" displayed loud tone quality and strong stage presence.
- Differences noted in expression, with one performer singing slowly and the other quickly.
- Pitch accuracy varied, with the first performer off-key and the second in tune.
- Articulation: the first performer was choppy, while the second was clear and intelligible.
- Styles varied; the first was unique and personal, contrasting with the second's traditional approach.
Jazz Reflection
- Jazz promotes individuality and has subgenres like blues, bebop, and swing.
- Blues features slow tempos, whereas bebop and swing have fast tempos.
- Bebop is characterized by choppy diction; swing and bebop encourage loud, vibrant expression.
All About Buddy Holly
- Buddy Holly, born September 7, 1936, was significant in early rock and roll.
- He formed "The Crickets" and was the first white group to perform at the Apollo Theater.
- Sadly, Holly died in a plane crash on February 3, 1959, but his influence persisted.
- Posthumous accolades include the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Impact of Rock and Roll
- Rock and roll emerged around the 1950s, shaping youth culture and music production.
- The genre focused on loud, fast-paced music appealing to teenagers and young adults.
- Festivals like Woodstock embodied the counterculture, offering a mix of peace and musical fervor.
Aretha Franklin and Women’s Rights
- Aretha Franklin's "Respect" became an anthem for women’s empowerment.
- Her passionate delivery underscored struggles for equality, resonating with women in the 1960s.
- The song transformed its original context into a demand for respect and equality for all women.
Motown’s Cultural Shift
- Motown music provided a platform for African American artists, breaking through racial barriers.
- Its fast tempos and themes of love and aspiration facilitated broader acceptance in mainstream culture.
- Groups like The Jackson 5 played a crucial role in popularizing Motown sound and fostering recognition.
Heavy Metal in the 1970s
- Prominent heavy metal bands included Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple, and Black Sabbath.
- Heavy metal is marked by heavy riffs, power chords, mystical lyrics, and dynamic solos.
- Controversial and loud, heavy metal had limited radio play, leading artists to rely on live tours.
Evolution of Music
- Music from the 60s to 80s set the stage for genres like hip-hop, reframing cultural expressions.
- Past music styles influenced today's sounds and expectations in the industry.
- Rock's subgenres evolved, with different styles emerging to challenge traditional forms.
The Future of Music
- Contemporary music showcases faster tempos and strong performers, emphasizing stage presence.
- Future musicians may focus on unique tonal qualities and innovative songwriting techniques.
- The progression of music elements will continue to influence the evolution of musical genres.
Reflections on Speeches
- Hembrey's talk highlighted creativity through intricate art pieces and fictional narratives, engaging the audience with humor and strong presence.
- Thum's presentation captivated viewers by showcasing skills and maintaining high energy, marked by effective audience engagement.### Music Evolution and Future Predictions
- Music consumption has shifted dramatically towards digital formats, with streaming services dominating the landscape.
- Physical copies, such as CDs, are increasingly becoming obsolete, potentially leading to their rarity in the future.
- Streaming allows for broader access to music, benefiting both artists with exposure and listeners with convenience.
Jazz Origins and Characteristics
- Jazz originated in New Orleans, marking its cultural significance in American music history.
- The genre emphasizes performance style over specific songs, showcasing the importance of improvisation.
- Major influences on jazz include ragtime, which is primarily performed by solo piano and was instrumental in jazz development.
Notable Figures in Jazz
- Scott Joplin is celebrated as ragtime's most influential composer.
- Famous jazz musicians and their instruments include Charlie Parker, Sidney Bechet, and Kenny G, all recognized for their saxophone skills.
- Duke Ellington gained recognition as a leading composer and artist during the jazz era.
Bebop as a Jazz Style
- Bebop emerged after the Swing Era, characterized by fast tempos and complex chords, with a focus on small ensembles.
- This style was known for its loudness and distinct sound, often performed in intimate settings like nightclubs.
- Dizzy Gillespie, renowned as the biggest artist in bebop, creatively integrated Caribbean and Cuban influences into jazz.
Jazz Instrumentation and Musical Elements
- Instruments commonly found in jazz include trumpet, saxophone, and clarinet, while the oboe is not typically associated with the genre.
- Characteristics of jazz music involve a blend of various sounds and balanced instrumentation, providing a unique tone quality.
- Diction in vocal jazz is crucial for clarity and emotional expression.
Historical Impact of Swing Music
- The Big Band/Swing Era flourished during WWII, bringing respectability to jazz and introducing a broader audience to the genre.
- Prominent figures in swing included Benny Goodman, known as the "King of Swing", and Glenn Miller, Tommy Dorsey, who led successful big bands.
- The swing movement gradually declined as soloists began to overshadow big band performances.
Scott Joplin's Influence and Legacy
- Joplin, connected to the ragtime genre, significantly impacted music and is recognized for works like "Maple Leaf Rag."
- Despite initial success, his first opera faced closure due to financial mismanagement, but his contributions to music remain influential.
- Joplin received minimal royalties for his compositions, highlighting the economic challenges artists faced during his time.
Descriptive Elements in Music
- Tone quality can be described using terms such as dark or mellow, while articulation may be characterized as choppy or smooth.
- The emotional aspect of a performance is gauged through expression and phrasing, enhancing the listener’s experience.
- Blend and balance in music ensure that no single instrument dominates the performance, creating a harmonious sound.
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Description
Reflect on the evolution of music in the 21st century. Consider how music has progressed and identify potential improvements. Discuss your thoughts on how musical elements may evolve in the future.
