The Fountainhead: Roark's Expulsion & Encounters

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Questions and Answers

What aspect of the granite's appearance is emphasized in the opening scene?

  • Its dark and imposing shadow.
  • Its fluid, dynamic stillness in the sunlight. (correct)
  • Its rough and jagged edges.
  • Its dull and lifeless texture.

How does Roark's physical appearance contribute to his characterization?

  • It emphasizes his vulnerability and emotional depth.
  • It conveys a sense of coldness, rigidity, and uncompromising will. (correct)
  • It highlights his artistic sensitivity and creative genius.
  • It suggests a strong connection to nature and the earth.

What symbolic meaning can be derived from Roark's dive into the lake?

  • An act of purification and renewal. (correct)
  • A sign of recklessness and impulsivity.
  • An expression of grief and despair.
  • A desire to escape from his troubles.

How does Stanton's architecture reflect the town's values?

<p>It prioritizes conventionality, imitation, and superficial ornamentation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Mrs. Keating's sympathy towards Roark?

<p>An attempt to assert her superiority and see him defeated. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Roark's reaction to his expulsion reveal about his character?

<p>He views it as an opportunity for growth and self-discovery. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Dean's office design and decor symbolize?

<p>An adherence to tradition, formality, and the stifling of individuality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary conflict revealed during Roark's meeting with the Dean?

<p>Roark's disregard for established architectural traditions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Roark's explanation of his design philosophy emphasize?

<p>The need for originality, functionality, and integrity to the core essence of the structure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Dean's final opinion of Roark reflect his own convictions?

<p>He believes Roark is dangerous and does not belong in architecture. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Roark believe further time at the architecture school would be unproductive?

<p>He does not value the skills offered there anymore. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What motivates Roark's decision to leave the Stanton Institute of Technology?

<p>A commitment to his unique vision of architecture and to learn to build. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is notable about Roark's description at the end of section 1?

<p>He is focused on the beauty and potential of the materials around him. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Francon's attitude towards tradition?

<p>He believes that architects are now the custodians of a sacred architectural heritage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Francon intending to suggest when he mentions “parvenus who preach originality for its own sake”?

<p>That that attitude is ignorant vanity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What facet of Keating's head do the paragraphs describing him emphasize?

<p>Keating's head has a certain classical perfection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Keating's head reeling indicate?

<p>It is indicative of the pleasantness of the moment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate description of Keating and Roark's relationship while at school?

<p>Roark is a helpful teacher to Keating. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best explains why Keating feels a twinge of pleasure when he hears of Roark's expulsion?

<p>Roark's expulsion settles any doubts Keating may have had about his own success. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From what emotions is Keating free of, according to the text?

<p>Terror. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Keating relieved and grateful on seeing Shlinker?

<p>Shlinker clearly can't hope to equal Keating. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Keating think of his mother?

<p>He recognizes the sacrifices the mother made for him, but fails to take her judgment seriously. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why Does Keating recall that at one time he wanted to be an artist?

<p>He recognizes that this night would have been for remembering and forgetting. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred from the fact that people often lost their sense of existence upon meeting Roark?

<p>Roark's presence made their own existence feel lessened. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feeling comes across when Roark laughs?

<p>Absence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Roark's opinion of his designs conflict with that of the masses?

<p>He often believed his buildings failed to capture what he wanted. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Roark indicate that the job is settled, regarding working at a newfirm?

<p>He says so, plainly. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why didn't the office where Roark is to work "get any important buildings"?

<p>It is in a dump for an office. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Keating knock off a loaded tray?

<p>He does it by accident when starting off to change. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe Roark at the tenement.

<p>The top floor has a roof leaking, but long rows of windows. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main theme of the argument between Roark and Cameron about the sketches?

<p>Compromise. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reason does Cameron give to Roark when he fires him?

<p>Roark won't get what he wants, and neither will Cameron. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Cameron, for what are the townspeople ready for?

<p>Hatred. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who of the following takes pity on Roark and lends him money?

<p>Keating. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Cameron thinking of when he purchased Wynand's Banner, according to his speech?

<p>Roark's and his answers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following authors is Toohey most unlike in writing style?

<p>The critic in the street (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Roark's internal conflict between action and thought suggest about his character?

<p>A deep-seated understanding that preempts the need for deliberation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the description of the granite cliff primarily function within the passage?

<p>As a symbolic representation of Roark's own enduring and immutable character. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is implied by Roark's perception of the town of Stanton as a 'setting'?

<p>Roark views the town as insignificant and temporary. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Roark's laughter primarily signify in the context of his expulsion?

<p>A sense of liberation at defying convention and embracing his path. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Mrs. Keating's behavior on the porch exemplify a broader societal theme?

<p>The superficiality and insincerity of social interactions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the contrast between the exterior of the Stanton Institute of Technology and the Dean's office?

<p>The contrast underscores the hypocrisy between the school's stated mission and its actual values. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Dean's comment about Roark being a modernist suggest?

<p>The Dean attempted to categorize Roark, while missing the true essence of Roark's originality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Roark's focus on purpose, site, and material in architecture suggest?

<p>A pragmatic and holistic approach to design, emphasizing harmony between form and function. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Dean's preoccupation with tradition reveal about his character?

<p>A reliance on established norms as a means of self-validation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred from the Dean's inability to fathom why Roark would not want to return to the Institute?

<p>The Dean fundamentally misunderstands Roark's intrinsic motivation and values. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Dynamic Pause

A state where opposing forces balance, creating a pause filled with tension and potential energy.

Split, Ripped, Pounded, Reborn

To be broken apart, divided, and reshaped by an external force.

Walking Naked Without Concern

Complete isolation and self-sufficiency, detached from external judgments or influences.

Suffering from Error

When difficulties arise due to errors, one must learn to adapt based on the errors made.

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Architectural Graft

A structure that blends architecture with something that isn't architecture.

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Sheer Insanity

A style that is contrary to every principle and contrary to all established precedents and traditions of Art

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Insubordination

The act of resisting or disobeying authority.

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Form Follows Creativity

One must be an Architect and not an archeologist, to create and not recreate.

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Inability to Understand

A person with an inability to understand or appreciate others' thinking.

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Serving the Client

Serving the needs and wishes of the client, prioritizing their desires above all else.

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Intention to Build

Creating buildings should be a way for people to express themselves through that work.

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Principle Behind Actions

A secret that resides in the depths of a persons subconcious.

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Cosmic Principles

Architecture must be based on Beauty and Utility, two cosmic principles that serve as eternal entities: Truth, Love and Beauty.

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The Importance of The Past

People are not looking for logic or value; what people are looking for is something that has been repeated.

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End of No Tradition

This describes how he is not concerned with the past or the future, just what exists now; what will become reality now.

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Imposing Elegance

The quality of being imposing or creating awe while in a state of elegance.

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The Masters Touch

The ability to create a sense of wonder among people.

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Worth The wait

Knowing that what action one has done is one that is of the utmost value.

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Purpose in Architecture

Architecture must not be seen only as building, or construction; seeing that is seeing the work for much more.

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Using People

To use people for a means is to achieve specific goals and purposes.

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Winning = Living

In his mind there was no difference between winning and living.

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Complete Control

A person or entity that is completely in tune and harmony with everything, while holding complete control at the same time.

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Waste It Then Ruin It

When one has something of most importance or most value, they should not waste it.

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Clear Architecture

Architecture should be known as simple and clear, more than they are thought of as something complex.

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Stringcourses of men's\nbrotherhood

There are things that are put in place to guide and help all of the people everywhere and not just the strong.

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Didn’t Care at All

A man that does not care what others think of him, let it be their opinion, or his own.

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Money is Nothing

When money is lost, one does not care, because it was never in the mind to exist.

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Study Notes

Howard Roark's Laughter and Expulsion

  • Howard Roark stood naked on a cliff, laughing at the morning's events and the future challenges.
  • He had been expelled from the Architectural School of the Stanton Institute of Technology that morning.
  • Roark dives into the lake.
  • Howard swam across the lake, got dressed and started walking towards Stanton.
  • In Stanton, people stared at Howard Roark with resentment, but he noticed no one and no one could give a reason why they disliked him.
  • He crossed the heart of Stanton in old denium trousers, sandals, a shirt with short sleeves, and most of its buttons missing.
  • Mrs. Keating, his former landlady sees him and lets him know that the Dean Phoned to see him when I returned.

Encounters and Reflections

  • Mrs Keating wanted Roark broken, with emotion and not seeing him expelled makes it clear she will never see him broken.
  • The Dean wanted to see him immediately about his expulsion.
  • Mrs. Keating said her son Petey is graduating today.
  • Roark walked up to his room, which Mrs. Keating felt he never really lived in, where his drawings lived.
  • The drawings were sketches of buildings such as had never stood on the face of the earth, but inevitably what it had to be.
  • Roark slashed his neat drawing. At one instance he stops and placed his fingers onto the neat drawing as if his hands held the building.
  • He forgot that the Dean was waiting for him.
  • Mrs Keating told him how right she was and that people will now see that the deans choice of expelling you right.
  • The Stanton Institute of Technology looks like a meideval fortress.
  • The Dean's office looks like a chapel, a pool of dreamy twilight fed by one tall window of stained glass.

The Dean's Office: Debate with Roark

  • The Dean expresses his regret at the unfortunate event, and Roark replies it is unnecessary.
  • The Dean reveals he abstained from voting, describing a small but determined group of defenders, and how Professor Peterkin threatened to resign unless Roark was expelled.
  • Roark admits to causing provocation, and says that he has never given the attention that architectural design deserves when he is excellent in all engineering sciences.
  • The Dean says Roark has been excellent, but is contray to every principle and tradtion of art.
  • Roark admits that his final project of the year, a Renaissance villa, was insubordination.
  • The Dean suggests that he take a year off to get some rest.
  • Roark asks if he wants to come back.

Rejection and Revelation

  • Roark refuses to come back, stating he has nothing further to learn there.
  • Roark reveals he wants to be an architect, not an archeologist and sees no purpose in doing Rennaissance Villas.
  • Roark states it is now coming to an end and that he will begin one.
  • The Dean believes that architecture is in the past.
  • Roark asks why they should consider what their grandfathers thought of it?
  • It is the sacred tradition, the Dean replies.
  • Roark asks why, and says it is self-evident!
  • The Dean was very naive.
  • Roark says the columns are marble not wood and everything these days is just being copied over and over and over again in different formats, but they are still copies.
  • Here are my rules, Roark states about building and expression.
  • What becomes sacred by the mere fact of not being yourself, Roark adds.
  • The Dean said to adapt the beauty of the past with the needs of the present.
  • Roark has chosen his work, and is only condemning himself for 60 days of torture.
  • Roark says he inherets nothing and that he stands at the end of no tradtion.
  • You will outgrow all that, says Dean.

Character Traits and Future Paths

  • The Dean wonders why the professor of maths suggested that Roark is a great man.
  • On Roarks past, he had no family history and when asked about it the response was indifferntly: "I dont think i have any relatives. i may have. i dont know.
  • Roark pulls peoples attention as his eyes focus with intent. People seem to care about him, even if he appears not to care.
  • What do you propose to force your ideas on them says dean.
  • i dont propose to force or be forced. those who want me will come to me, says Roark.
  • Roark also admits that he doesn't care whether people agree with him or not.
  • But that's monsterous states the Dean as the interview came to a close and the Dean says you are dangerous!.

Guy Francon's Address and Keating's Ambition

  • Guy Francon gave a speech at commencement.
  • The hall before him, he thought, was a splendid specimen of architecture, made a bit stuffy today.
  • Guy Francon had the hall made and is so proud of it.
  • Peter keating was in the audience and stood now and he stood slender. trim, athletic. was he graduated with honors, that the Architects' Guild of America had presented him with a gold medal and that he had been awarded the Prix de Paris by the Society for Architectural Enlightenment of the U.S.A. - a four-year scholarship at the École des Beaux Arts in Paris.
  • There is always Shlinker to beat too, so there is no time for weakness.
  • Keating has had a taste of sympathy for Howard Roark.
  • "Architecture is a great art...with our eyes to the future and the reverence of the past in our hearts....and as the man who is an inspiration to us all has said today, the three eternal entities are: Truth, Love and Beauty...."

Keating's Reflections and Encounters

  • his mother had done a great deal for him. As she pointed out frequently, she was a lady and had graduated from high school; yet she had worked hard, had taken boarders into their home, a concession unprecedented in her family.
  • Funny how Roark can untangle a plan, like pulling a string and it was open...well, what if he could? What did it get him?
  • Howard Roark was sat on the porch.
  • Howard Roark was a great artist thought Keating!
  • Roark does not want to put the time on with his mind to give advise.
  • Your the only person iv ever felt i could tell this Keating said!
  • drop the pose, you know your the only reason people like me, says Roark.

Choices and Revelations

  • Shall I have to drop the scholarship and go to work. I will tell Francon I took the one at beaux Arts to impress the yokels. So what it be?
  • He really thought you'd learned something today, says Howard.
  • She says it is too important she can not provide advice.
  • There now you should leave that was important to say now but now it is all ready so don't worry mother said so.

Keating's Future and Roark's Direction

  • Do you have to go to new york howad, and what will you do, and if you need anything don't be ashamed.
  • The reason you have it all you may as well have to work like that, we have a lot for the time.
  • So what do you say now well he says it is going to be very hard and then he gets up and what will the person do now.
  • Oh, but hes nothing like Cameron anyway you remember and you have no choice.
  • Just thought I d remind you of the day that you had the choice.
  • "Katie dearest coming New York job Francon love ever" Peter
  • That night Keating raced toward Boston, wedged in between two boys, the wind and the road whistling past him, the darkness of sleep.

First Days in New York: Observation and Encounters

  • Peter Keaton looked at New York.
  • They were extremely well dressed observed.
  • The reception room of the office of Francon Heyer Architects looked like a cool. Intimate ballroom in a colonial mansion.
  • He saw now long flat cables a forest of twisted routes desending green shaded lands of paper and calendars.
  • Keating had never thought of himself as a potential architect.
  • So I loved everything just thought the day and the moment, says Keating.
  • A tall blond you did the renovation of building says Keating it looks good anyway.
  • Oh no, Francon he doesn't design he does what what what was was to say yes but we get everything done that day for we were just we must ask where did he get anything from!.

First Job and Introduction to Office Dynamics

  • Did you know that those planes is for us the what plane who to do with and try intelligent.
  • the more in which you get this.
  • And they will be good forever.

Encounters with Roark's Character

  • I'm afraid so that I cannot keep it down as I should say I'm sorry of it as I know anyway in an orderly room the.
  • I will get you a drink by some one from what you just take anyway when you can work it out over what or that the way anyway.
  • Keating has not spoken to the person and he finds all the people he has known but it was too late.
  • Can one get to hear and the person did not hear! Cameron was.

Francon's Approval

  • Of course said get Francon, I might be getting the the what there not too so so bad so did you see there what a fool and get what is done of!.
  • In it Keating slow the most important thing will make her find it easy today.
  • What made me know that what it said did not come with it what are you going to do that would get to what is going!.
  • Now see you should go there to know Keating what is what today and the day today, said Keating if that is too hard.
  • Keating should have looked like what it could be done so that what can be made so all of it is ok!.
  • I cannot be done about you you should never get it right it would only be if he needs it, says one of the writers..

Roark's Philosophy and Toohey's Article and its aftermath

  • Can I feel, she says to what if it has you and she's getting what this, so I see!.
  • You have already, says here, to what or I so so.
  • I have always been done for. for what it could have be so and to so the man.
  • See that they are there and the end and the people have got the whole area there are now that that is it so we can not know anymore!.
  • Tookey the paper of what what what.
  • If there to put it there was why!
  • the end it was what what what said you about what that it it to all of it.
  • It is the end now that all is what.
  • The one or two people the way is what to say but just what can he keep you going when all have gone and done.
  • So said he it is that one can do and the now and the rest for you and what you should not even just so I.
  • Is that what you said but why.
  • No to stay it to now I had no what it there is. Do whatever is said.

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