The Howard Gardner Intelligence Theory Quiz

Theory of Intelligence Proposed by Howard Gardner

• The theory of multiple intelligences proposes that human intelligence can be differentiated into specific intelligences, rather than defining intelligence as a single, general ability.

• The theory has been popular among educators for 40 years despite being criticized by mainstream psychology for its lack of empirical evidence and dependence on subjective judgment.

• An intelligence modality must fulfill eight criteria, according to the theory.

• Howard Gardner proposed eight sets of abilities that manifest multiple intelligences, including musical, visual-spatial, linguistic, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic.

• Gardner believes that each individual may possess all of the various forms of intelligence to some extent, but that there is always a dominant, or primary, form.

• The theory has shaped educational pedagogy and influenced relevant policy and legislation across the world.

• Gardner opposes labeling learners to a specific intelligence and maintains that his theory should "empower learners," not restrict them to one modality of learning.

• The theory has been criticized for its lack of empirical evidence and dependence on subjective judgment.

• Intelligence tests and psychometrics have generally found high correlations between different aspects of intelligence, rather than the low correlations which Gardner's theory predicts.

• The traditional definition of intelligence is too narrow, according to defenders of MI theory, and a broader definition accurately reflects the differing ways in which humans think and learn.

• Some criticisms arise from the fact that Gardner has not provided a test of his multiple intelligences.

• The theory and definitions have been critiqued as being so unclear as to be tautologous and thus unfalsifiable.Multiple Intelligences Theory

• Human adaptation is due to general ability to falsify hypotheses and make accurate predictions.

• IQ tests only measure linguistic and logical-mathematical abilities.

• Gardner emphasizes the need for intelligence-fair measures to assess distinct modalities of thinking and learning.

• Empirical evidence for non-g intelligences is either lacking or very poor.

• Gardner's theory has not been accepted by most academics in intelligence or teaching.

• Gardner's theory has been adopted by many schools, where it is often conflated with learning styles.

• Gardner has denied that multiple intelligences are learning styles and recommends individualized teaching styles, pluralized teaching, and avoiding the term "styles."