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Questions and Answers
Which ancient Greek philosopher is widely considered to be the 'Father of Botany'?
Which ancient Greek philosopher is widely considered to be the 'Father of Botany'?
- Aristotle
- Theophrastus (correct)
- Ellen Swallow Richards
- None of the above
What is the origin of the term 'ecology'?
What is the origin of the term 'ecology'?
- From the Greek 'oikos', meaning 'of the family or household' (correct)
- From the Latin root as economics
- From the term 'oekology' used by the scientist Ellen Swallow Richards
- None of the above
What does ecology study?
What does ecology study?
- Behavior
- Physiology
- Molecular biology
- All of the above (correct)
Which level of organization in ecology focuses on the interactions of multiple species living in an area?
Which level of organization in ecology focuses on the interactions of multiple species living in an area?
Which level of organization in ecology studies the exchange of species and genetic material between communities?
Which level of organization in ecology studies the exchange of species and genetic material between communities?
Which scientific vocabulary term refers to a proposition that suggests an explanation for an observable situation or phenomenon?
Which scientific vocabulary term refers to a proposition that suggests an explanation for an observable situation or phenomenon?
What is the highest level of organization in ecology?
What is the highest level of organization in ecology?
Who first coined the term 'oekologie' to describe the study of the interrelationships between organisms and their environment?
Who first coined the term 'oekologie' to describe the study of the interrelationships between organisms and their environment?
Who is known for suggesting that 'Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny'?
Who is known for suggesting that 'Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny'?
Who correlated plant morphology with geography and described vegetative zones by latitude and altitude?
Who correlated plant morphology with geography and described vegetative zones by latitude and altitude?
Who first proposed the concept of 'ecosystem' as the combined physical and biological components of the environment?
Who first proposed the concept of 'ecosystem' as the combined physical and biological components of the environment?
Who is considered the 'Father of Evolution'?
Who is considered the 'Father of Evolution'?
What is the mechanism by which evolution occurs?
What is the mechanism by which evolution occurs?
Which ancient thinker interjected the concept of heredity into his observations?
Which ancient thinker interjected the concept of heredity into his observations?
What are the three criteria for natural selection?
What are the three criteria for natural selection?
Which of the following best describes Charles Darwin's career path after graduating from Cambridge?
Which of the following best describes Charles Darwin's career path after graduating from Cambridge?
What was the purpose of the voyage of the HMS Beagle?
What was the purpose of the voyage of the HMS Beagle?
What did Darwin notice during his visit to the Galapagos Islands?
What did Darwin notice during his visit to the Galapagos Islands?
What led Darwin to hypothesize about species changing and adapting to local conditions?
What led Darwin to hypothesize about species changing and adapting to local conditions?
Which type of experiment involves altering the study system to determine causal relationships?
Which type of experiment involves altering the study system to determine causal relationships?
What is the purpose of a control in an experiment?
What is the purpose of a control in an experiment?
What is the significance of a 95% confidence interval in hypothesis testing?
What is the significance of a 95% confidence interval in hypothesis testing?
What are the characteristics of multicellular autotrophic plants?
What are the characteristics of multicellular autotrophic plants?
Who introduced the concept of transplant gardens to study the responses of plants from different topographic regions?
Who introduced the concept of transplant gardens to study the responses of plants from different topographic regions?
Who described vegetation in terms of physiognomy and coined the phrase 'association' as it applies to biological applications?
Who described vegetation in terms of physiognomy and coined the phrase 'association' as it applies to biological applications?
Who wrote the book 'Plantesamfund' and synthesized plant morphology, physiology, taxonomy, and biogeography into a coherent unit?
Who wrote the book 'Plantesamfund' and synthesized plant morphology, physiology, taxonomy, and biogeography into a coherent unit?
Who is considered the father of plant sociology and introduced the concepts of shade tolerance, competition, and succession?
Who is considered the father of plant sociology and introduced the concepts of shade tolerance, competition, and succession?
Which ancient Greek philosopher is widely considered to be the 'Father of Botany'?
Which ancient Greek philosopher is widely considered to be the 'Father of Botany'?
What is the root meaning of the term 'ecology'?
What is the root meaning of the term 'ecology'?
Who is believed to have originated the term 'home economics'?
Who is believed to have originated the term 'home economics'?
Which level of organization in ecology focuses on the interactions of multiple species living in an area?
Which level of organization in ecology focuses on the interactions of multiple species living in an area?
What is the purpose of a control in an experiment?
What is the purpose of a control in an experiment?
What does ecology study?
What does ecology study?
Which scientific vocabulary term refers to a proposition that suggests an explanation for an observable situation or phenomenon?
Which scientific vocabulary term refers to a proposition that suggests an explanation for an observable situation or phenomenon?
Who is considered the 'Father of Evolution'?
Who is considered the 'Father of Evolution'?
What are the three criteria for natural selection?
What are the three criteria for natural selection?
Who interjected the concept of heredity into his observations?
Who interjected the concept of heredity into his observations?
What is Lamarck's main hypothesis?
What is Lamarck's main hypothesis?
Who is considered the 'Father of Plant Sociology'?
Who is considered the 'Father of Plant Sociology'?
Who introduced the term 'limnology' and described thermal stratification in lakes?
Who introduced the term 'limnology' and described thermal stratification in lakes?
Who expanded the concept of ecosystem and used an experimental approach to field ecology?
Who expanded the concept of ecosystem and used an experimental approach to field ecology?
Who posited a theory of succession and plant associations that is still influential today?
Who posited a theory of succession and plant associations that is still influential today?
Who is credited with first proposing the concept of 'ecosystem' as the combined physical and biological components of the environment?
Who is credited with first proposing the concept of 'ecosystem' as the combined physical and biological components of the environment?
Who is known for suggesting that 'Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny'?
Who is known for suggesting that 'Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny'?
Who correlated plant morphology with geography and described vegetative zones by latitude and altitude?
Who correlated plant morphology with geography and described vegetative zones by latitude and altitude?
Who wrote the book 'Plantesamfund' and synthesized plant morphology, physiology, taxonomy, and biogeography into a coherent unit?
Who wrote the book 'Plantesamfund' and synthesized plant morphology, physiology, taxonomy, and biogeography into a coherent unit?
Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific method?
Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific method?
What is the purpose of a null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?
What is the purpose of a null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?
What is the significance of a 95% confidence interval in hypothesis testing?
What is the significance of a 95% confidence interval in hypothesis testing?
What is the goal of experimental design in ecology?
What is the goal of experimental design in ecology?
Which of the following best describes Charles Darwin's observations during his visit to the Galapagos Islands?
Which of the following best describes Charles Darwin's observations during his visit to the Galapagos Islands?
What led Darwin to hypothesize that species changed and adapted to local conditions?
What led Darwin to hypothesize that species changed and adapted to local conditions?
What did Darwin surmise about the species that populated the Galapagos Islands?
What did Darwin surmise about the species that populated the Galapagos Islands?
What bridged a major gap in Darwin's logic after his return to England?
What bridged a major gap in Darwin's logic after his return to England?
Study Notes
Ecology and Botany
- Theophrastus, an ancient Greek philosopher, is considered the 'Father of Botany'.
Ecology
- Ecology studies the interactions between organisms and their environment.
- The term 'ecology' originates from the Greek words 'oikos' meaning 'house' and 'logos' meaning 'study'.
- The highest level of organization in ecology is the biosphere.
Levels of Organization in Ecology
- Community level focuses on the interactions of multiple species living in an area.
- Landscape level studies the exchange of species and genetic material between communities.
Scientific Vocabulary
- A hypothesis is a proposition that suggests an explanation for an observable situation or phenomenon.
Evolution
- Charles Darwin is considered the 'Father of Evolution'.
- The mechanism by which evolution occurs is through natural selection.
- The three criteria for natural selection are variation, heredity, and adaptation.
- Ancient thinker Aristotle interjected the concept of heredity into his observations.
Experimental Design
- A control in an experiment is used to provide a baseline for comparison.
- A 95% confidence interval in hypothesis testing means that 95% of the time, the results will fall within the specified range.
Notable Figures in Ecology and Botany
- Charles Darwin proposed the concept of 'ecosystem' as the combined physical and biological components of the environment.
- Danish botanist Eugenius Warming introduced the concept of transplant gardens to study the responses of plants from different topographic regions.
- Alexander von Humboldt correlated plant morphology with geography and described vegetative zones by latitude and altitude.
- Frederic Clements wrote the book 'Plantesamfund' and synthesized plant morphology, physiology, taxonomy, and biogeography into a coherent unit.
- Henry Cowles is considered the father of plant sociology and introduced the concepts of shade tolerance, competition, and succession.
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Test your knowledge on the evolution of natural selection and the concept of intra-species variation with this quiz. Discover how ancient thinkers like Aristotle observed different forms arising in response to functional needs. Explore the fascinating world of (Siberian) Tigers and their individual variations.
