Ecology and Ecosystem Components

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Questions and Answers

What are abiotic factors?

  • Only temperature and water
  • Non-living factors (correct)
  • Both living and non-living factors
  • Living things

What are biotic factors?

  • Both A and C
  • Living things like plants and animals (correct)
  • Non-living things
  • Abiotic components

What are the levels of organization in an ecosystem?

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

What does the prefix 'bio' refer to?

<p>Life, living</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'A-' mean?

<p>Not or without</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is carrying capacity?

<p>Largest number of individuals of a population that an environment can support</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are limiting factors?

<p>Conditions in the environment that limit where an organism can live</p> Signup and view all the answers

List 4 biotic factors that limit other organisms in their environment.

<p>Competition for food, predator-prey relationships, parasitism, disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

List 4 abiotic factors that limit other organisms in their environment.

<p>Sunlight, water, temperature, living space</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to abiotic factors when biotic populations increase?

<p>They can become scarce</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do organisms compete for abiotic factors in an ecosystem?

<p>They compete for food, water, sunlight, living space</p> Signup and view all the answers

List two biotic factors that compete for biotic factors in a forest ecosystem.

<p>Tapir and Deer</p> Signup and view all the answers

List two biotic factors that could survive in a desert ecosystem and explain their abiotic dependencies.

<p>Desert Foxes and Armadillo lizards; they depend on water and shelter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Abiotic Factors

Non-living components of an ecosystem, such as sunlight, water, temperature, and soil.

Biotic Factors

Living organisms within an ecosystem, including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria.

Organism

A single individual living being, such as a tree, a bird, or a bacteria.

Population

A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area.

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Community

All the different populations of organisms living and interacting in a particular area.

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Ecosystem

A community of organisms interacting with their physical environment.

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Biosphere

The part of Earth where life exists, including all ecosystems.

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Carrying Capacity

The maximum population size that an environment can sustainably support.

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Limiting Factors

Conditions in the environment that restrict where an organism can live.

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Competition for Resources

When organisms struggle for limited resources like food, water, or space.

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Predator-Prey Relationship

One organism (predator) hunts and eats another organism (prey).

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Parasitism

One organism benefits (parasite) by living in or on another organism (host) and harming it.

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Disease

A condition that impairs the normal functioning of an organism.

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Study Notes

Abiotic Factors

  • Non-living components of an ecosystem including temperature, water, sunlight, wind, rocks, and soil.

Biotic Factors

  • Consist of living organisms within an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria.

Levels of Organization

  • Organized in a hierarchy:
    • Organism
    • Population
    • Community
    • Ecosystem
    • Biosphere

Prefixes

  • "Bio": Relates to life or living entities.
  • "A-": Indicates absence or negation (not or without).

Carrying Capacity

  • Represents the maximum number of individuals in a population that an environment can sustain without degrading.

Limiting Factors

  • Environmental conditions that restrict where organisms can survive and thrive.

Biotic Limiting Factors

  • Include:
    • Competition for food
    • Predator-prey dynamics
    • Parasitism
    • Disease spread

Abiotic Limiting Factors

  • Include:
    • Sunlight availability
    • Water supply
    • Ambient temperature
    • Availability of living space

Impact of Biotic Populations on Abiotic Factors

  • An increase in biotic populations can lead to scarcity of abiotic resources due to heightened demand.

Competition for Abiotic Factors

  • Organisms vie for essential resources such as food, water, sunlight, and living space crucial for survival.

Competition in Forest Ecosystems

  • Example competitors:
    • Tapir and Deer, which compete for various plant species as a food source.

Survival in Desert Ecosystems

  • Example biotic factors:
    • Desert Foxes and Armadillo Lizards depend on limited water resources and shelter for survival in arid conditions.

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