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Questions and Answers
Which style of art emerged from the Baroque style in the late 1700s?
Which style of art emerged from the Baroque style in the late 1700s?
Which salon was the most influential for spreading Enlightenment ideas due to its financial backing?
Which salon was the most influential for spreading Enlightenment ideas due to its financial backing?
Who was known as the 'First Servant of the State' for granting religious freedom and improving education in Prussia?
Who was known as the 'First Servant of the State' for granting religious freedom and improving education in Prussia?
Which composer is associated with the Baroque style of music rather than the Classical era?
Which composer is associated with the Baroque style of music rather than the Classical era?
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Which type of government did many philosophes believe was the best form of governance?
Which type of government did many philosophes believe was the best form of governance?
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Which Enlightenment writer's Encyclopedia of 1751 angered the government, aristocracy, and the Church?
Which Enlightenment writer's Encyclopedia of 1751 angered the government, aristocracy, and the Church?
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What type of stories contributed to novels becoming popular among the middle class in the 18th century?
What type of stories contributed to novels becoming popular among the middle class in the 18th century?
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Study Notes
The Enlightenment and Its Impact
- Denis Diderot's Encyclopedia of 1751 was a collection of articles from various enlightenment writers that angered the government, aristocracy, and the Church.
- The Salon of Marie Therese Geoffrin was a significant intellectual gathering place that spread Enlightenment ideas, and many such salons were owned and run by wealthy women in France.
Artistic and Cultural Developments
- Neoclassicism emerged as a style of art in the late 1700s, characterized by elegance and simplicity, in contrast to the ornate Baroque style of the 1600s and 1700s.
- The Baroque style was exemplified in the Palace of Versailles.
Musical Evolution
- The Baroque style of music was prominent in the 1600s and 1700s, featuring composers like George Friedrich Handel and Johann Sebastian Bach.
- In the 1700s, music evolved into the Classical era, characterized by composers like Franz Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig Van Beethoven.
Literary Developments
- Novels became more widely written and popular in the 1700s, appealing to the middle class with entertaining and relatable stories.
Enlightenment Thinkers and Monarchy
- Many philosophes believed that a monarchy was the best form of government, as long as the monarch respected the people's rights.
- Philosophers attempted to inspire monarchs to rule justly.
Enlightened Monarchs
- Frederick (the Great) II of Prussia (r. 1740-1786) granted religious freedom, improved education, reformed the justice system, and eliminated torture, earning the title "First Servant of the State."
- The Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II of Austria (1780-1790) implemented various reforms.
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Description
Explore the impact and significance of Denis Diderot’s Encyclopedia of 1751, a collection of articles from various enlightenment writers that angered the government, aristocracy, and the Church. Learn about the influential Salon of Marie Therese Geoffrin and how the enlightenment ideas spread through salons and books.
