20 Questions
What are some features of the Earth that can be observed underwater and on land?
Volcanoes and earthquakes
Why is Hawai'i a great place to observe changes in the Earth's crust?
Because all types of changes can occur there
What causes earthquakes?
Stress building up in the Earth's crust and causing it to break in a fault
What is a fault?
A crack in the Earth's crust caused by stress in the surrounding rocks
How does stress build up in the Earth's crust?
Pieces of the Earth pushing and grinding past each other, and getting stuck on each other
What happens when stress in the Earth's crust reaches its breaking point?
The rock breaks and an earthquake occurs
What is the main cause of tsunamis?
Earthquakes.
How do seismologists use earthquake waves to study the Earth's interior?
They deduce the structure of the Earth's interior based on the arrival and behavior of earthquake waves.
What are the five layers of the Earth's interior?
Solid inner core, liquid outer core, liquid mantle, taffy-like upper layer, and outer crust.
How are tsunamis formed?
Tsunamis can be triggered by earthquakes, underwater landslides, or volcanic eruptions.
What causes the shoreline water to recede before a tsunami?
The water gets pulled into the wave itself.
How are volcanoes formed by hot spots?
Hot magma moves toward the surface of the Earth through mantle plumes, and when it reaches the crust, it breaks through in one spot, forming an area of volcanism.
What is the oldest island in the Hawaiian archipelago?
The furthest northwest island is the oldest.
Where is the hot spot in the Hawaiian archipelago located?
The hot spot is directly under the Big Island of Hawai'i.
What is the name of the active volcano on the Big Island?
The active volcano on the Big Island is called Kilauea.
What is the process by which a new island is forming off the southeast coast of the Big Island?
A new island is forming through volcanic activity deep under water.
What is the name of the new island that is forming off the southeast coast of the Big Island?
The new island is called Lo'ihi.
What does the study of lava from volcanoes reveal about the Earth's interior?
The study of lava from volcanoes gives scientists clues about the Earth's interior.
What are the two processes that are evident on the surface of Hawai'i?
The two processes that are evident on the surface of Hawai'i are weathering and deposition.
Define weathering and deposition.
Weathering is the wearing away of rock by natural agents, while deposition is the accumulation of sediment and broken-down parts of rocks to create landforms.
Test your knowledge about the dynamic Earth and its ever-changing lithosphere with this quiz. Dive into the fascinating features that shape our planet, both underwater and on land. Explore the mysteries of the Earth's crust and uncover clues about its transformations.
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