The Dynamic Earth: Observing Changes in Hawai'i
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Questions and Answers

How do earthquakes release energy?

  • By causing the Earth's surface to store more energy
  • When rocks reach their breaking point and fracture (correct)
  • By creating tsunamis
  • By contracting and expanding the Earth's crust

    • What can seismologists deduce about the Earth's interior from studying earthquake waves?

  • The number of earthquakes that occur
  • The location of fault lines
  • The speed of ocean currents
  • The structure of the Earth's inner layers (correct)

    • Why can tsunamis be created by underwater earthquakes?

  • Due to the displacement of water caused by underwater landslides
  • Because the fault lines under the ocean move violently upward (correct)
  • Because of the low pressure at the ocean's surface
  • As a result of volcanic eruptions underwater

    • What causes tsunamis to pile up and push up on land with massive destructive force?

    <p>Their high energy levels that interact with the shoreline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are volcanoes formed when the lithosphere pulls apart?

    <p>From magma oozing out of the ground (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives us a glimpse of what happens under the waves, similar to how volcanoes and earthquakes give glimpses of what is happening inside the Earth?

    <p>Snorkeling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crack in the Earth's crust caused by stress in the surrounding rocks?

    <p>Fault (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What natural disasters can radically transform the landscape of the Earth in just a few moments?

    <p>Volcanoes and earthquakes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do earthquakes occur according to the text?

    <p>When stress builds up in the Earth's crust and causes it to break in a fault line (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause stress to build up in the Earth's crust according to the text?

    <p>Pieces of the Earth pushing and grinding past each other (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main process that causes the formation of hot spots and mantle plumes?

    <p>Magma movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which location is mentioned as an example of a hot spot in the text?

    <p>Yellowstone National Park (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What geological feature is directly above a hot spot in Hawaii?

    <p>Kilauea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What natural processes are highlighted in the text to explain changes in Earth's landscape due to climactic factors?

    <p>Weathering and deposition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the famous black sand beaches in Hawaii primarily formed?

    <p>Volcanic rock weathering (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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