The Digestive System: Anatomy and Structure
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the contractions that move food along the digestive tract?

  • Digestion
  • Peristalsis (correct)
  • Mastication
  • Chyme

    • Which part of the GIT is divided into the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum?

  • Upper GI tract
  • Large intestine
  • Small intestine (correct)
  • Lower GI tract

    • What is the function of the cardiac sphincter in the stomach?

  • To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream
  • To store bile from the liver
  • To mix food with stomach acid
  • To control food flow from the oesophagus into the stomach (correct)

    • What is the term for the liquid form of food in the stomach?

    <p>Chyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which accessory organ is responsible for producing bile?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?

    <p>To move food from the stomach into the small intestines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the entire digestive tract, from the oral cavity to the anus?

    <p>Alimentary canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the large intestine is attached to the cecum?

    <p>Appendix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the oesophagus?

    <p>To lubricate and move food to the stomach by peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does food typically stay in the stomach before it becomes chyme?

    <p>3-4 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Digestive System Overview

    • The digestive system consists of a continuous tract called the alimentary canal or gastrointestinal tract (GIT), which extends from the oral cavity to the anus.
    • The GIT is accompanied by accessory organs, including the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

    Upper GI Tract

    • The upper GI tract consists of the oral cavity, oesophagus, and stomach.
    • Digestion begins in the oral cavity, where food is broken apart by mastication (chewing).
    • Food then moves to the pharynx and into the oesophagus, a collapsible tube that lubricates and moves food to the stomach by peristalsis (wave-like muscular contractions).
    • The stomach is the next stop, where food is controlled by the cardiac sphincter, a ring-like muscle that regulates food flow from the oesophagus.
    • After 3-4 hours in the stomach, food becomes a liquid called chyme.
    • Chyme passes to the small intestines through the pyloric sphincter, a muscle at the distal end of the stomach.

    Lower GI Tract

    • The lower GI tract consists of the small intestines and large intestines.
    • The small intestines are divided into three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
    • The large intestine is divided into three parts: the cecum, colon, and rectum.
    • The cecum has a blind tube attached to it called the appendix, which consists of lymphatic tissue.
    • The colon is further subdivided into four parts: the ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon.

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    Description

    Explore the components of the alimentary canal, including the oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach, and intestines. Learn about the upper and lower GI tracts and their functions.

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