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The Digestive Process

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of salivary amylase in digestion?

Breaking down cellulose into glucose

Breaking down proteins into peptides

Breaking down fats into fatty acids

Breaking down starch into sugar (correct)

What is the function of mucus in the stomach during digestion?

It facilitates the action of pepsin

It helps in the absorption of nutrients

It increases the surface area for digestion

It protects the inner lining of the stomach from acid (correct)

What is the primary reason for the rhythmic contractions of the lining of the alimentary canal?

To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream

To push the food forward along the digestive tube (correct)

To mix the food with digestive juices

To eliminate waste products from the body

What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach during digestion?

It activates the enzyme pepsin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the muscular tongue during digestion?

It mixes the food with saliva Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the gastric glands in the stomach?

To release digestive juices and enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the digestion process in the mouth?

Complex molecules are broken down into smaller molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the food-pipe or oesophagus?

It moves food from the mouth to the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the acidic medium created by hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

It facilitates the action of pepsin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the stomach in digestion?

It mixes food thoroughly with digestive juices and enzymes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Food Processing and Digestion

Food must be processed to generate small particles of the same texture to pass through the digestive tract.
Crushing food with teeth breaks it down into smaller particles.
Saliva, secreted by salivary glands, wets the food to make its passage smooth.
Saliva contains the enzyme salivary amylase, which breaks down starch into sugar.
The muscular tongue mixes food thoroughly with saliva and moves it around the mouth during chewing.
Peristaltic movements of the canal's muscular lining contract rhythmically to push food forward along the digestive tube.

The Stomach

Food enters the stomach through the food-pipe or oesophagus.
The stomach expands when food enters it, and its muscular walls help mix food with digestive juices.
Gastric glands in the stomach wall release:
- Hydrochloric acid, which creates an acidic medium for the enzyme pepsin to function.
- Pepsin, a protein-digesting enzyme.
- Mucus, which protects the inner lining of the stomach from acid.

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Description

Learn about the process of digestion, from crushing food with teeth to the role of saliva in making food passage smooth. Understand how the body breaks down food for nutrient absorption.