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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the cytoskeleton?
Which proteins are associated with actin in the reversible manner?
What induces the polymerization of actin filaments?
What is the diameter of actin microfilaments?
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What carries two binding sites allowing its attachment to other protomers of actin?
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What is the diameter of a microtubule?
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What is the function of microtubules in mitosis?
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What are MTOCs responsible for in the cell?
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What is the composition of tubulin?
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What type of motor proteins are involved in organelles and vesicles movement along microtubules?
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Study Notes
Cytoskeleton Function
- Provides mechanical support, shape, and movement to the cell
Actin Microfilaments
- Associated with proteins such as profilin, vinculin, and α-actinin in a reversible manner
- Polymerization is induced by ATP and can be regulated by proteins like Arp2/3 complex
- Diameter of actin microfilaments: approximately 7 nm
- Actin monomers carry two binding sites, allowing attachment to other protomers of actin
Microtubules
- Diameter: approximately 25 nm
- Play a crucial role in mitosis, particularly in the separation of chromosomes
- Microtubule-Organizing Centers (MTOCs) are responsible for microtubule formation and organization in the cell
- Composed of tubulin, a heterodimer of α-tubulin and β-tubulin
- Involve dynein and kinesin motor proteins in the movement of organelles and vesicles along microtubules
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Description
Test your knowledge about the cytoskeleton, a complex network of proteins in the cytoplasm, by identifying the functions and components of actin microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments.
