10-L2

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What is the primary function of APCs in the immune system?

To store antigens

To trigger an immune response (correct)

To phagocytose foreign particles

To produce antibodies

Which of the following is a feature of professional APCs?

Inducible expression of MHC class II molecules

Phagocytic activity in the presence of DAMPS

Limited antigen-presenting functions

Constitutive expression of MHC class II molecules (correct)

Which cell type internalizes antigens via BCRs?

B cells (correct)

Mast cells

Macrophages

Dendritic cells

What is a key feature of atypical APCs?

Inducible expression of MHC class II molecules Signup and view all the answers

Where do activated DCs localize to?

T cell zones of lymph nodes Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of antigen-presenting functions in atypical APCs?

Limited to specific immune environments Signup and view all the answers

What is not supported by evidence in atypical APCs?

Ability to activate naive CD4+ T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mucociliary escalator in the body?

To clear pathogens from epithelial surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of innate immune response?

It is present from birth Signup and view all the answers

Where are the majority of plasma proteins in the complement system produced?

In the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nasal hairs in the body?

To filter the air we breathe Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of C3 fragments in the complement system?

To stimulate phagocytosis of microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of saliva in the body?

To flush out pathogens from the mouth Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which the complement system helps with phagocytosis?

Opsonization of antigens by complement Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the binding of antibody to microorganisms in the neutralization mechanism?

Blockage of adhesion to cells and inactivation of toxins Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the adaptive immune response?

To provide specific, long-term immunity against infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the membrane attack complex (MAC) in the complement system?

To lyse microorganisms by forming pores in their cell membranes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of coughing and sneezing in the body?

To clear pathogens from the respiratory tract Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the complement system in the body?

To help eliminate pathogens from the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of agglutination in the complement system?

To form aggregates of antigens, making them more susceptible to phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the complement system in the immune response?

To help destroy pathogens and protect damaged or infected areas Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of phagocytosis?

To engulf and digest foreign particles and bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are primarily involved in anti-parasite immunity?

Eosinophils and basophils Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of opsonisation in the innate immune response?

To mark foreign particles for phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is involved in the protection of mucosal surfaces from allergy?

Mast cells and basophils Signup and view all the answers

What is the timing of innate immunity after infection?

Seconds to minutes Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is involved in the interaction with other cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems?

Dendritic cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of epithelial cells in the innate immune response?

To provide a physical barrier against pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the immune system?

To distinguish 'self' from 'non-self' Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are classified as B, T, or natural killer cells?

Lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of macrophages in the immune system?

To neutralize foreign molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?

To activate T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of cells in the immune system?

From hematopoietic stem cells Signup and view all the answers

Where are the cells of the immune system distributed?

Throughout the body in the blood, lymph, and epithelial and connective tissues Signup and view all the answers

What are the larger lymphoid organs in the immune system?

Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dendritic cells in the immune system?

To present antigens to T cells Signup and view all the answers