The Civil War of 1862

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Questions and Answers

What was the main reason for the Southern states seceding from the Union in 1861?

Ideological differences on social welfare policies

Conflict over states' rights on taxation

Disagreement over the election of President Abraham Lincoln (correct)

Desire for stronger economic ties with the North

Who was the President of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War?

Jefferson Davis (correct)

Ulysses S. Grant

Abraham Lincoln

Winfield Scott

What were the two main components of the Anaconda Plan?

Land invasion and naval blockade

Trench warfare and control of the Gulf of Mexico

Control of the Mississippi River and a naval blockade (correct)

Aerial bombardment and control of the Ohio River

What was General Winfield Scott's Anaconda Plan designed to do?

Surround and squeeze the Confederacy into submission Signup and view all the answers

Why did General McClellan resist President Lincoln's orders following the Battle of Antietam Creek?

He feared Confederate reinforcements Signup and view all the answers

Why did many believe that the Confederacy would give up quickly in the early stages of the Civil War?

Lack of established government and military training Signup and view all the answers

In which region did many significant Civil War Battles take place during 1862 according to the text?

Virginia and Missouri Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Battle of Hampton Roads during the Civil War?

It marked the first ironclad warship battle Signup and view all the answers

How did General Thomas 'Stonewall' Jackson achieve success in the Shenandoah Valley?

Through aggressive tactics and outmaneuvering Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the skirmish between USS Monitor and CSS Virginia during the Civil War?

The battle ended in a stalemate Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Battle of Fredericksburg?

Confederate victory Signup and view all the answers

Which battle stopped General Lee's advance northward and influenced the British and French?

Battle of Antietam Signup and view all the answers

Why was control of the Mississippi River crucial during the Civil War?

To limit Confederate supplies Signup and view all the answers

Who led the Confederate forces in Missouri and employed guerilla warfare tactics?

General Sterling Price Signup and view all the answers

At which battle did Union Colonel John McNeil establish northeastern Missouri under Union control?

Battle of Kirksville Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Civil War: 1862

The United States was in the early stages of the Civil War in 1862, after several Southern states seceded from the Union over the election of President Abraham Lincoln, who was elected on a strong anti-slavery platform.
The Southern states viewed slavery as essential to support their agricultural economy and declared a new nation, The Confederate States of America, with Jefferson Davis as their President.

The Anaconda Plan

General Winfield Scott devised the Anaconda Plan, which aimed to surround and squeeze the Confederacy into submission by denying it supplies and resources rather than through conflict and loss of life.
The plan had two main components: a naval blockade of Confederate ports along the Atlantic Coast and the Gulf of Mexico, and controlling the Mississippi River to divide the Confederate States in half.

General George B. McClellan

President Lincoln turned to General McClellan for a quick end to the war, who was able to raise and train a strong army and had a few early victories.
However, McClellan did not respect the opinion of President Lincoln, often ignored his orders, and was not aggressive enough in pursuing the Confederate troops, allowing them to escape and regroup.

Civil War Battles in Virginia

Virginia saw a great deal of fighting during the Civil War, with over 120 battles being fought in the state.
The Peninsula Campaign was a significant battle in which General McClellan marched towards the Confederate capital of Richmond, but his lack of aggressiveness led to a stalemate.
The Valley Campaign saw General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson clash with Union troops in the Shenandoah Valley, where he outmaneuvered the Union armies and kept their attention focused on the Valley.

Other Key Battles

The Battle of Hampton Roads was a significant naval battle in which the Union ship USS Monitor clashed with the Confederate ship CSS Virginia, marking the first time two ironclad warships faced off against each other.
The Second Battle of Bull Run saw Confederate General Robert E. Lee crush the Union forces and advance across the Potomac River into Northern territory.
The Battle of Fredericksburg was a significant battle in which Union Major General Ambrose E. Burnside hoped to get in between General Lee and Richmond, but ended with a Confederate victory.
The Battle of Antietam was the deadliest one-day battle of the Civil War, which stopped Lee's advance northward and persuaded the British and French not to recognize the Confederacy.

Civil War Battles in Missouri

Missouri was a border state with intense fighting, with over 1,000 battles fought in the state.
The Trans-Mississippi Theater refers to the battles fought west of the Mississippi River, with control of Missouri meaning control of the vital Mississippi River.
Key battles in Missouri include the Battle of Shiloh, the Battle of Kirksville, the Battle of Compton's Ferry, and the Battle of Yellow Creek.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the early stages of the Civil War in the United States in 1862, as tensions over slavery and secession intensified. Learn about President Abraham Lincoln's anti-slavery platform and the formation of the Confederate States of America under Jefferson Davis.