Slavery in the United States and Society Comparison
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Questions and Answers

What was the first major battle of the Civil War?

  • Shiloh
  • Ironclads
  • Antietam
  • Bull Run (correct)

    • The battle of Ironclads ended with a clear victory for the Union.

    False (B)

    Who led the Union forces in storming New Orleans?

    Admiral Farragut

    The bloodiest single-day battle of the Civil War was the battle of ______.

    <p>Antietam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following battles with their key details:

    <p>Bull Run = First major battle of the Civil War in July 1861 Shiloh = Union General Grant secures the Mississippi valley Antietam = Bloodiest single-day battle, forced retreat of Lee Ironclads = First battle between iron-plated ships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which battle secured control of the Mississippi Valley for the Union?

    <p>Shiloh (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Union suffered heavy losses in the battle of Shiloh.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what month and year did the battle of Antietam occur?

    <p>September 1862</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one significant outcome of the Battle of Gettysburg?

    <p>Confederate General Lee's invasion of the North was turned back (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Confederate stronghold at Vicksburg was captured by Union General Sherman.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who led the 54th Massachusetts Black Regiment into battle at Morris Island?

    <p>Colonel Robert Gould Shaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sherman's March to the Sea aimed to __________ the South’s economy.

    <p>disrupt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events with their significance:

    <p>Gettysburg = Turned back the Confederate invasion of the North Vicksburg = Union gained control of the Mississippi River Sherman's March = Devastated Southern infrastructure and economy Appomattox = Surrender that marked the end of the Civil War</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation primarily aim to achieve?

    <p>Gradual emancipation of slaves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Civil War ended with the surrender of General Lee at Appomattox.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cities were significant during Sherman's March to the Sea?

    <p>Atlanta and Savannah</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?

    <p>It allowed states to choose whether to allow slavery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Dred Scott Decision ruled that African Americans were considered US citizens.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action did John Brown take that made him a significant figure in American history?

    <p>He led an armed uprising to free slaves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ believed that states should be allowed to make their own decisions regarding slavery.

    <p>pro-slavery proponents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the event to its description:

    <p>Kansas-Nebraska Act = Allowed states to decide about slavery Dred Scott Decision = Ruled that African Americans were not citizens John Brown's Raid = Attempted to incite a slave rebellion Secession = Withdrawal from the United States</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Dred Scott claim regarding his freedom?

    <p>He was free because he lived in a free state. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    John Brown was executed for his efforts to free slaves.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Mississippi Compromise in relation to the issue of slavery?

    <p>It attempted to establish boundaries for slavery but was eventually overturned.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was President Lincoln's priority during the early stages of the Civil War?

    <p>Saving the Union (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Emancipation Proclamation was introduced to the public immediately after its draft in July 1862.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant battle marked a turning point in the Civil War for the Union in September 1862?

    <p>The Battle of Antietam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the population of the North in 1860?

    <p>22 million (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lincoln aimed to frame the Civil War as a crusade against __________ for international support.

    <p>slavery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The South produced 90% of U.S manufactured goods.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did the assassination of Lincoln take place?

    <p>Ford's Theatre (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who invented the Cotton Gin?

    <p>Eli Whitney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In 1860, the North had __________ km of railway.

    <p>35,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phrase did Booth yell after shooting Lincoln?

    <p>Sic Semper Tyrannis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following individuals with their status during the assassination plot:

    <p>Abraham Lincoln = Assassinated Andrew Johnson = Aborted William Seward = Attempted Edwin Stanton = Aborted Ulysses S. Grant = Aborted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the economic outputs with the corresponding regions:

    <p>North = Factories South = Agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many black soldiers served in the Union Army by the war's end?

    <p>Over 180,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major technological difference between the North and South?

    <p>North had more urban centers and industry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The South's economy relied significantly on slavery for its agricultural output.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary reason for the South's reliance on a slave population?

    <p>To meet the labor demands of cotton production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The international slave trade was abolished in __________.

    <p>1808</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the population in the South consisted of small or poor farmers who did not own slaves?

    <p>75% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Booth's initial plan regarding Lincoln in August 1864?

    <p>Kidnap him for Confederate prisoners (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vice President Andrew Johnson was supportive of Lincoln's administration throughout the Civil War.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Booth leave at Andrew Johnson's house when he was not home?

    <p>A note asking if Johnson was at home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Judah Benjamin was a Confederate Secretary of State who was involved in the plot to kill ______.

    <p>Lincoln</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following key figures with their roles regarding Lincoln's assassination:

    <p>Booth = Confederate secret agent Andrew Johnson = Lincoln's Vice President Judah Benjamin = Confederate Secretary of State Davis = President of the Confederacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Lincoln decide not to take money from British financiers?

    <p>He wanted to maintain independence from foreign powers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Booth was completely alone in plotting the assassination of Lincoln.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significant action taken by Andrew Johnson regarding individuals caught for Lincoln's assassination in 1869?

    <p>He pardoned some of them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Slavery in the United States

    • Slave trade arrived in the US in 1619
    • Slave trade ended in 1808
    • Slavery existed until 1865
    • Slaves revolted against captors.
    • Slave value was determined by their teeth's health, reflecting their work capacity.
    • Slaves outnumber whites in some states before the Civil War (South Carolina, Mississippi example).
    • Slaves were forbidden to read to avoid challenging the slave system.
    • The average slave worked 14 hours a day in the summer, sometimes longer.
    • Female slaves often bore children as young as 12 years old.
    • There were more female than male slaves (2:1 ratio example).
    • Some figures' teeth were from slaves (George Washington's)
    • The Civil War began due to Southern states' anxieties about the potential loss of their right to continue slavery with the election of Abraham Lincoln.

    Comparison of Societies (North vs. South)

    • North:

      • Large urban centers and industries.
      • Population in 1860: 22 million.
      • Growing working and professional classes.
      • Immigration influx
      • 35,000 km of railway.
      • Large shipping industry.
      • Produced 90% of US manufactured goods.
      • 118,000 factories employing 1.2 million workers.
      • Ended international slave trade in 1808, and most states outlawed it by 1820.
      • Opposed slavery by constitutional right (life liberty and pursuit of happiness).

    • South:

      • Mostly rural, with some cities.
      • Population in 1860: 12 million (4 million slaves).
      • More slaves than whites in some states.
      • Less than 15,000 km of railway.
      • Cotton Gin (1793) invented by Eli Whitney increased demand for slaves.
      • Production of cotton, tobacco, rice, and sugar and sent to the North.
      • 20,000 factories with 100,000 workers.
      • Reliance on slavery for economic prosperity.
      • Viewed slavery as protected by existing laws and economic necessity.

    Testing the Union (Sectionalism)

    • Missouri Compromise (1820): Debate about permitting slavery in new states.
    • Compromise of 1850: Should slavery extend westward?
    • Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854): Debate over slavery in new territories.
    • Dred Scott Decision (1857): Slavery rights above the 36°30' line? Citizenship rights for African Americans.

    Biographies, Events, and Key Figures

    • John Brown (Northerner): Led anti-slavery efforts, killed in a raid, viewed differently by both sides of the conflict.
    • Robert E. Lee: Commander of the Confederate Army, Virginia native
    • President Lincoln: Waged war without congressional consent while seeking to save the union.
    • Fort Sumter (April 1861): First battle of the Civil War began here, marked by Confederate artillery opening fire.
    • Bull Run (July 1861): The first major battle of the Civil War.
    • Mississippi River control (1862-1865): Multiple battles occurred trying to secure river access, changing the power in the US.
    • Gettysburg (July 1863): Turning point battle of the Civil War, Confederate forces unsuccessfully invaded the North.
    • Vicksburg (July 1863): Final confederate stronghold on the Mississippi, Union victory.
    • Sherman's March to the Sea (May-December 1864): Major Union campaign that destroyed southern infrastructure.
    • Appomattox (April 1865): Lee surrendered to Grant, ending the Civil War.
    • Lincoln's assassination: April 14, 1865, by John Wilkes Booth
    • Confederate plot: Included kidnapping of Lincoln, killing military leaders, and attacking the North.

    Reconstruction

    • Reconstruction: Era after the Civil War focused on rebuilding the South and integrating enslaved people in American society.
    • Andrew Johnson: Reconstruction President who did not care for Black americans.
    • 13th Amendment (1865): Abolished slavery.
    • Black Codes: Laws limited Black people’s rights and freedom.
    • 14th Amendment (1866): Granted citizenship and equal protection under the law.
    • Reconstruction Act (1867): Established military rule in the South.
    • 15th Amendment (1869): Prohibited voting restrictions based on race.

    Additional information

    • Ku Klux Klan: White supremacy group who fought against reconstruction and black Americans.
    • Sharecropping: Legal agreement between landowners and tenants who worked for a share of the harvest but were often trapped in cycles of debt.
    • Carpetbaggers: Northern businessmen who moved to the South after the Civil War seeking economic opportunities.
    • Scalawags: Southern whites who supported Republican policies during Reconstruction.
    • Confederate flag debates: Ongoing discussions in the US about the Confederate flag as a relic of slavery and racism.

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    American History Unit 3 Test - Civil War PDF

    Description

    Explore the complex history of slavery in the United States, from the arrival of the slave trade to its eventual end in 1865. This quiz also compares the societal structures of the North and South, highlighting key differences in population, economy, and social dynamics leading up to the Civil War.

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