Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following are blood types in the ABO system?
Which of the following are blood types in the ABO system?
- X
- A (correct)
- Y
- O (correct)
What is located in front of the elbow?
What is located in front of the elbow?
antecubital
What is the largest artery in the body?
What is the largest artery in the body?
aorta
What does arrhythmia refer to?
What does arrhythmia refer to?
What are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart called?
What are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart called?
What are the upper receiving chambers on each side of the heart called?
What are the upper receiving chambers on each side of the heart called?
What is the name of the large vein on the inner side of the antecubital area?
What is the name of the large vein on the inner side of the antecubital area?
What are basophils?
What are basophils?
What is the fibrous membrane that overlies the median vein called?
What is the fibrous membrane that overlies the median vein called?
What is blood pressure?
What is blood pressure?
Where is the brachial artery located?
Where is the brachial artery located?
What is the buffy coat?
What is the buffy coat?
What are capillaries?
What are capillaries?
What does the cardiac cycle refer to?
What does the cardiac cycle refer to?
What is the second-choice antecubital vein for venipuncture?
What is the second-choice antecubital vein for venipuncture?
What is coagulation?
What is coagulation?
What is cross-match testing?
What is cross-match testing?
What is diastolic pressure?
What is diastolic pressure?
What does ECG/EKG stand for?
What does ECG/EKG stand for?
What are eosinophils?
What are eosinophils?
What are erythrocytes?
What are erythrocytes?
What does erythropoiesis refer to?
What does erythropoiesis refer to?
What is fibrin?
What is fibrin?
What is fibrinogen?
What is fibrinogen?
What is fibrinolysis?
What is fibrinolysis?
What are formed elements?
What are formed elements?
What is hemostasis?
What is hemostasis?
What is a hemostatic plug?
What is a hemostatic plug?
What does intrinsic mean?
What does intrinsic mean?
What does in vitro mean?
What does in vitro mean?
What does in vivo mean?
What does in vivo mean?
What are leukocytes?
What are leukocytes?
What is the lymphatic system?
What is the lymphatic system?
What are lymphocytes?
What are lymphocytes?
What is the preferred vein for venipuncture?
What is the preferred vein for venipuncture?
What is the median vein also called?
What is the median vein also called?
What are monocytes?
What are monocytes?
What are neutrophils?
What are neutrophils?
What is plasma in the context of blood?
What is plasma in the context of blood?
What is the platelet plug formation?
What is the platelet plug formation?
What are platelets?
What are platelets?
What is pulmonary circulation?
What is pulmonary circulation?
What is Rh factor?
What is Rh factor?
What is serum?
What is serum?
What is thrombin?
What is thrombin?
What are thrombocytes?
What are thrombocytes?
What is tunica adventitia?
What is tunica adventitia?
What is tunica intima?
What is tunica intima?
What is tunica media?
What is tunica media?
What is vasoconstriction?
What is vasoconstriction?
What are veins?
What are veins?
What are ventricles?
What are ventricles?
What is whole blood?
What is whole blood?
Study Notes
Blood Types and Composition
- ABO blood type system includes four types: A, B, AB, and O, determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B.
- Erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), are anuclear and disk-shaped, primarily responsible for transporting oxygen from lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide back.
- White blood cells (WBCs) are crucial for immune response; types include neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes.
Cardiovascular Anatomy
- The aorta is the largest artery, about 1 inch (2.5 cm) in diameter, originating from the left ventricle.
- The heart consists of atria (upper chambers) and ventricles (lower pumping chambers).
- The median cubital vein is the preferred site for venipuncture, while the brachial artery is the second choice for arterial puncture.
Blood Vessel Structure
- Blood vessels have three layers: tunica intima (inner layer), tunica media (middle layer of smooth muscle), and tunica adventitia (outer layer of connective tissue).
- Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins return blood to the heart.
Hemostasis and Coagulation
- Hemostasis is the process of stopping blood loss, initiated by vasoconstriction, followed by platelet plug formation, and coagulation.
- Fibrinogen transforms into fibrin via thrombin, forming a blood clot.
- Fibrinolysis is the mechanism by which clots are removed after healing.
Blood Pressure and Circulation
- Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood on vessel walls; diastolic pressure refers to the pressure during heart relaxation.
- Pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and returns it as oxygenated blood.
Specialized Terms
- Antecubital refers to the area in front of the elbow, crucial for venipuncture access.
- Serum is a clear fluid separated from clotted blood, similar to plasma but lacking fibrinogen.
- In vivo refers to processes occurring within a living organism, while in vitro refers to those taking place outside, often in a laboratory setting.
Key Cellular Components
- Platelets, or thrombocytes, play a vital role in clotting and are the smallest formed blood elements.
- The buffy coat consists of WBCs and platelets, lying between RBCs and plasma in anticoagulated blood.
Immune Response Elements
- Neutrophils are the most abundant WBCs, accounting for approximately 65% of total count, vital for fighting infections.
- Eosinophils increase during allergic reactions and parasitic infections, identified by bright orange-red-staining granules.
- Lymphocytes (B and T types) are essential for adaptive immune responses.
Importance of Blood Testing
- Cross-match testing ensures compatibility between donor and recipient blood for safe transfusions.
- Understanding blood and its components is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment within phlebotomy and medical practice.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of the circulatory system with this flashcard quiz based on Chapter 6 of Phlebotomy Essentials 7th Edition. The flashcards cover key terms and concepts including blood types, major arteries, and anatomical locations. Perfect for students studying phlebotomy and anatomy.
