30 Questions
Which division of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations?
Sympathetic division
Which division of the autonomic nervous system controls body processes during ordinary situations?
Parasympathetic division
Which of the following is NOT a function regulated by the parasympathetic nervous system?
Increasing blood flow
Which neurotransmitter functions as a neurotransmitter for a variety of neurons, including those of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
What are compounds that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system referred to as?
Parasympathomimetic agents
Which type of cholinergic receptor has the ability to bind muscarine?
Muscarinic
Which type of cholinergic receptor has the ability to bind nicotine?
Nicotinic
What are compounds that interact with muscarinic cholinergic receptors known as?
Muscarinic cholinergic agents
Which mushroom led to the discovery of muscarinic cholinergic receptors?
Amanita muscaria
Which compound led to the discovery of acetylcholine?
Tubocurarine
Which of the following statements about acetylcholine (ACh) is true?
ACh exhibits poor therapeutic properties.
What is the reason why ACh cannot be administered orally?
ACh has a positive charge on the nitrogen atom.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of muscarinic agonists?
Quaternary ammonium salt with N-alkyl groups larger than a methyl group.
What is the role of the ethylene group in muscarinic agonists?
It hydrolyzes at a slower rate than ACh.
Which atom is crucial for retaining significant ACh-mimetic activity?
Nitrogen
What is the preferred substitution for the oxygen atom in muscarinic agonists?
Ester
Which of the following statements about the SAR for muscarinic agonists is true?
The N-alkyl groups should not exceed the size of a methyl group.
What is the role of carbamate analogs in muscarinic agonists?
Increased stability in the presence of gastric acid
What is the effect of increasing the chain length in muscarinic agonists?
Decreased activity
Which of the following statements about ACh is true?
ACh is a poor therapeutic agent.
Which of the following agents is NOT used to treat overactive bladder?
mAChR agonist
Which of the following statements about mAChRs is correct?
mAChRs are coupled to G proteins
Which subtypes of mAChRs are coupled with Gq proteins?
M1, M3, M5
Which of the following is NOT a subtype of mAChRs?
M6
Which of the following is NOT a subunit of nicotinic receptors (nAChRs)?
Delta
Which of the following is NOT a function of nicotinic receptors (nAChRs)?
Regulate adenylyl cyclase activity
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of acetylcholine (ACh)?
Pentameric structure
Why can't choline cross the Blood-Brain barrier but its phosphate counterparts can?
Phosphate groups have better penetration
What is the strategy in drug design used by our metabolism?
Prodrug strategy
Which conformations of acetylcholine (ACh) are the most stable?
Antiperiplanar and gauche
Test your knowledge of the cholinergic system, Alzheimer's disease, and the autonomic nervous system with this quiz. Learn about the discovery of muscarinic receptors through Amanita muscaria mushrooms and the role of the sympathetic division in preparing the body for stressful situations.
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