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What are the four main stages of the cell cycle?
What are the four main stages of the cell cycle?
Cells divide at the same rate in all organisms.
Cells divide at the same rate in all organisms.
False
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
To ensure growth, DNA duplication, and cell division.
The stages of the cell cycle that occur before mitosis are called ________.
The stages of the cell cycle that occur before mitosis are called ________.
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Match the following terms with their correct definitions:
Match the following terms with their correct definitions:
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During which phase of the cell cycle does a cell appear to be at rest?
During which phase of the cell cycle does a cell appear to be at rest?
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Gap 2 occurs after mitosis.
Gap 2 occurs after mitosis.
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What are the two parts into which the cell cycle was originally divided?
What are the two parts into which the cell cycle was originally divided?
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During interphase, the periods between mitosis and synthesis are known as _____ 1 and _____ 2.
During interphase, the periods between mitosis and synthesis are known as _____ 1 and _____ 2.
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Match the following phases of the cell cycle with their corresponding descriptions:
Match the following phases of the cell cycle with their corresponding descriptions:
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Study Notes
The Cell Cycle
- Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions.
- The cell cycle has four main stages: gap 1 (G1), synthesis (S), gap 2 (G2), and mitosis (M)
- Gap 1, synthesis, and gap 2 together form interphase.
- Cells spend most of their time in G1, increasing in size and producing organelles.
- Synthesis is when DNA is duplicated.
- Gap 2 includes a critical checkpoint, ensuring cell size and DNA integrity are correct before mitosis.
- Mitosis divides the cell nucleus.
- Cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm, producing two genetically identical daughter cells.
Cell Division Rates
- Cell division rates vary widely depending on cell type and organism.
- Prokaryotic cells divide much faster than eukaryotic cells due to differences in structure.
- Cell turnover rates vary widely. Some cells have a short life span and divide frequently, while others divide rarely or not at all.
- Cell division is crucial for growth, repair, and overall organismal function.
- Lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, may remain in a non-dividing phase (G0) for years awaiting an invader to recognize and fight.
Cell Size
- Cells have upper and lower size limits.
- Small cells may lack sufficient organelles or molecules for normal functioning. Conversely, excessively large cells may not be able to efficiently exchange materials with the surrounding environment.
- The ratio of surface area to volume limits cell size. As a cell grows, its volume increases faster than its surface area, making it harder to efficiently transport materials across the cell membrane.
- A large surface area to volume ratio is critical for efficient material exchange.
- Larger cells typically have higher surface area to volume ratios than small round cells. (e.g., neurons)
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Description
Explore the fascinating stages of the cell cycle, including interphase and mitosis, as well as the varying rates of cell division across different organisms. Understand the significant roles that different cell types play in growth, repair, and functioning of living beings.
