The Cardiovascular System
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following factors affects stroke volume by increasing the force of contraction in the heart?

  • Venous return
  • Preload
  • Contractility (correct)
  • Afterload

    • What is the equation for calculating ejection fraction?

  • RPP = SBP x HR
  • SBP x HR
  • SV/EDV (correct)
  • Q = SV x HR

    • Which of the following factors causes an increase in heart rate?

  • Parasympathetic nervous system
  • Fasal Vagal Response
  • Transient syncope
  • Sympathetic nervous system (correct)

    • What is the main reason for a decrease in venous return during heavy exercise?

    <p>Tired heart muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for calculating cardiac output?

    <p>Q = SV x HR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors causes an increase in stroke volume during standing to running?

    <p>Muscle pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that affects stroke volume by increasing the degree of stretching experienced by the muscle cell in the heart during diastole?

    <p>Preload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for calculating the heart rate-pressure product (RPP)?

    <p>RPP = SBP x HR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for a decrease in stroke volume during heavy exercise?

    <p>Increased heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors causes an increase in heart rate due to excessive decrease in heart rate?

    <p>Fasal Vagal Response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the total amount of volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute?

    <p>Cardiac Output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for calculating Cardiac Output?

    <p>CO = SV x HR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the heart fill up with blood?

    <p>Diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for calculating Stroke Volume?

    <p>SV = EDV - ESV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to Stroke Volume as exercise intensity increases?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average Stroke Volume per beat?

    <p>70 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the phase before heart contractions?

    <p>End-diastolic volume (EDV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the phase before heart release?

    <p>End-systolic volume (ESV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to End-diastolic volume (EDV) and End-systolic volume (ESV) as you start exercising?

    <p>EDV rises, ESV drops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for calculating Cardiac Output in terms of Stroke Volume (SV) and Heart Rate (HR)?

    <p>CO = SV x HR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the relationship between pressure, flow, and resistance in the cardiovascular system?

    <p>$P = F \times R$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly explains why systolic blood pressure increases with exercise?

    <p>Increased cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mean arterial pressure (MAP) if the systolic blood pressure (SBP) is 120 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is 80 mmHg?

    <p>106.7 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pulse pressure if the systolic blood pressure (SBP) is 120 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is 80 mmHg?

    <p>53.3 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly explains the relationship between pressure and flow in the cardiovascular system?

    <p>If pressure increases, flow will increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Poiseuille's Law, how does an increase in vessel diameter affect blood flow rate?

    <p>Increases blood flow rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the resistance (R) if the pressure (P) is 100 mmHg and the flow (F) is 10 L/min?

    <p>1 mmHg/L/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly explains the relationship between vasodilation and blood flow?

    <p>Vasodilation increases blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between shear stress and viscosity in the cardiovascular system?

    <p>More shear stress decreases viscosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between blood flow and pressure in the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Blood flow is directly related to pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

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