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Questions and Answers
What forms the upper end (apex) of the axilla?
What forms the upper end (apex) of the axilla?
- Anterior axillary fold
- Cervico-axillary canal
- Root of the neck, clavicle, scapula, and first rib (correct)
- Posterior axillary fold
What are the boundaries of the axilla?
What are the boundaries of the axilla?
- Apex, base, and four walls (anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral walls) (correct)
- Apex, base, anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral walls
- Upper end, lower end, and axillary fascia
- Root of the neck, clavicle, scapula, and chest wall
Which muscles form the posterior axillary fold?
Which muscles form the posterior axillary fold?
- Pectoralis major
- Deltoid and biceps brachii
- Latissimus dorsi and teres major (correct)
- Serratus anterior and subscapularis
What is the function of the axilla?
What is the function of the axilla?
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What is the lower end (base) of the axilla bounded by?
What is the lower end (base) of the axilla bounded by?
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Study Notes
Axilla Structure
- The upper end (apex) of the axilla is formed by the Humerus (upper arm bone), Scapula (shoulder blade), and 1st rib.
Boundaries of Axilla
- The axilla is bounded by:
- Medially (inner): By the Serratus anterior muscle and the thoracic cage
- Laterally (outer): By the Humerus and the Coracobrachialis muscle
- Anteriorly (front): By the Pectoralis major and Pectoralis minor muscles
- Posteriorly (back): By the Subscapularis, Teres minor, and Teres major muscles
Posterior Axillary Fold
- The posterior axillary fold is formed by the Latissimus dorsi and Teres major muscles.
Axilla Function
- The axilla serves as a gateway for major blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics to and from the upper limb.
Base of Axilla
- The lower end (base) of the axilla is bounded by the fascia covering the Axillary fascia and the Pectoralis major muscle.
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