The American Revolution
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Questions and Answers

What event led to the announcement of independence of the Thirteen Colonies from Great Britain?

The British attempt to tax the colonists without their consent.

When did George III acknowledge American independence?

1783

What land did James Cook claim for the British Crown?

New South Wales

What were the typical meals for convicts in British penal colonies?

<p>Roll of bread, bowl of fumentry (porridge), pound of dried salted meat, and cup of tea</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where were British penal colonies established in Australia?

<p>Norfolk Island, Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania), and New South Wales</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the use of 'marks' as a system of rewarding convicts for good behavior?

<p>Alexander Maconochie</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was transportation as a penal punishment officially abolished in New South Wales?

<p>1850</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the reasons for the establishment of penal colonies in Australia?

<p>Urbanisation and poor living conditions among the lower class, increased crime rate in industrial cities, and overcrowding in gaols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Hulks Act passed in 1776?

<p>To put convicts in old naval ships anchored along southern naval ports, including the River Thames.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial name of Australia?

<p>New South Wales.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the living and working conditions like for convicts in penal colonies?

<p>Brutal conditions, but they were still protected by British laws and physical punishment required court approval.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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