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What was a major reason why several Southern states seceded from the Union in 1861?
What was a major reason why several Southern states seceded from the Union in 1861?
What was the main advantage of the Union over the Confederacy?
What was the main advantage of the Union over the Confederacy?
What was the goal of General Winfield Scott's Anaconda Plan?
What was the goal of General Winfield Scott's Anaconda Plan?
Where did many significant Civil War battles take place?
Where did many significant Civil War battles take place?
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Who was the President of the Confederate States of America?
Who was the President of the Confederate States of America?
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What was the primary goal of the Anaconda Plan?
What was the primary goal of the Anaconda Plan?
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What was the main reason for General McClellan's replacement by General Ambrose Burnside?
What was the main reason for General McClellan's replacement by General Ambrose Burnside?
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What was the significance of the Battle of Hampton Roads?
What was the significance of the Battle of Hampton Roads?
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What was the primary goal of the Valley Campaign?
What was the primary goal of the Valley Campaign?
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Why was the state of Virginia crucial to the Union's strategy?
Why was the state of Virginia crucial to the Union's strategy?
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What was the main goal of General McClellan's movement of forces in the Battle of Antietam?
What was the main goal of General McClellan's movement of forces in the Battle of Antietam?
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What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam in 1862?
What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam in 1862?
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What was the significance of the Mississippi River in the Civil War?
What was the significance of the Mississippi River in the Civil War?
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What was the outcome of the Battle of Kirksville?
What was the outcome of the Battle of Kirksville?
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What was the outcome of the Battle of Compton's Ferry and Yellow Creek?
What was the outcome of the Battle of Compton's Ferry and Yellow Creek?
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Study Notes
The Civil War: 1862
- The United States was in the early stages of the Civil War in 1862, following the secession of several Southern states due to President Abraham Lincoln's anti-slavery platform.
- The Southern states declared a new nation, the Confederate States of America, with Jefferson Davis as President.
The Anaconda Plan
- General Winfield Scott devised the Anaconda Plan, aiming to surround and squeeze the Confederacy into submission with a minimal loss of life.
- The plan had two main components:
- A naval blockade of Confederate ports along the Atlantic Coast and the Gulf of Mexico.
- Controlling the Mississippi River to divide the Confederate States in half and prevent them from helping each other.
General George B. McClellan
- McClellan was able to raise and train a strong army, achieving a few early victories.
- However, he did not respect President Lincoln's orders, often ignoring them, and was not aggressive enough in pursuing Confederate troops.
Civil War Battles in Virginia
- Virginia saw a great deal of fighting during the Civil War, with over 120 battles fought in the state.
- The Confederate capital, Richmond, was heavily fortified, and both sides attempted to capture the other capital city.
- Key battles include:
- The Peninsula Campaign: McClellan's troops sailed south to Fort Monroe and marched north towards Richmond.
- The Valley Campaign: General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson clashed with Union troops in the Shenandoah Valley.
- The Battle of Hampton Roads: The USS Monitor and CSS Virginia engaged in the first battle between ironclad warships.
- The Second Battle of Bull Run: Confederate General Robert E. Lee crushed Union forces and advanced across the Potomac River into Northern territory.
- The Battle of Fredericksburg: Union Major General Ambrose E. Burnside moved quickly to get in between General Lee and Richmond, but ended with a Confederate victory.
- The Battle of Antietam: The deadliest one-day battle of the Civil War, with General Lee's forces meeting McClellan's troops and fighting to a stalemate.
Civil War Battles in Missouri
- Missouri was a border state, with both sides claiming it and establishing governments there.
- The Confederate forces, led by General Sterling Price, used guerilla warfare, while Union troops, led by Major General Henry W. Halleck, protected the public.
- Key battles include:
- The Battle of Shiloh: Union General Ulysses S. Grant fought against Confederate forces.
- The Battle of Kirksville: Union Colonel John McNeil defeated Confederate Colonel Joseph C. Porter, establishing northeastern Missouri under Union control.
- The Battle of Compton's Ferry and Yellow Creek: Union Colonel Odon Guitar defeated Confederate Colonel John A. Poindexter, capturing a large amount of ammunition and supplies.
The Trans-Mississippi Theater
- Control of Missouri meant control of the vital Mississippi River, crucial for troop movements, communications, and supplies.
- President Lincoln aimed to cut the Confederacy in half by controlling the river, limiting aid and supplies to Richmond.
- Control of the river would eventually lead to capturing the major port city of New Orleans.
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Description
This quiz covers the early stages of the American Civil War, including the secession of Southern states and the formation of the Confederate States of America.
