38 Questions
Which states and parts of states are mentioned as being affected by the proclamation?
All states except West Virginia and some counties
What was the approximate number of Union soldiers who died during the Civil War?
359,000
What is the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation?
To free slaves in specific states and parts of states
When did Abraham Lincoln deliver the Gettysburg Address?
November 19, 1863
What is instructed to the people declared to be free?
To abstain from violence except in self-defense
What was the main purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation?
To recognize the freedom of slaves in rebel states
What is recommended to the people declared to be free?
To labor faithfully for reasonable wages
What was the time period of the Civil War?
1861-1865
What opportunity is offered to people of suitable condition?
To join the armed service of the United States
Approximately how many Confederate soldiers died during the Civil War?
258,000
On what grounds does the President invoke the considerate judgment of mankind?
On the grounds of military necessity and the Constitution
What was the date set by the Emancipation Proclamation for the freedom of slaves?
January 1, 1863
When did the Civil War end and who was assassinated?
In 1865, Abraham Lincoln
Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln?
John Wilkes Booth
What is the purpose of the proclamation mentioned in the text?
To designate states in rebellion against the United States
What is the requirement for a State to be deemed not in rebellion?
A majority of qualified voters participating in elections
Who is issuing the proclamation?
Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States
What is the duration of the proclamation?
For a period of one hundred days
What is the authority by which the proclamation is issued?
The power vested in the Commander-In-Chief of the Army and Navy
Which of the following is NOT a state in rebellion?
St. Bernard
What is the purpose of counting the number of qualified voters participating in elections?
To determine if a State is in rebellion
What is the consequence of a State being deemed in rebellion?
No consequence is specified in the text
What was the period after the Civil War known as?
The Reconstruction Period
What was the purpose of the 'Black Codes' enacted by some southern states after the Civil War?
To deny African Americans basic civil rights and liberties
What was one of the rights denied to African Americans during the Reconstruction period?
The right to strike or leave their employment
What was the consequence of 'disobedience' according to the Louisiana Code?
A fine of one dollar
Who was the President of the United States during the Reconstruction period?
Andrew Johnson
What was the Freedmen's Bureau bill aimed at?
Protecting the rights of African Americans
What did President Andrew Johnson do to the Freedmen's Bureau bill and the Civil Rights bill?
Vetoed them
Who controlled Congress during the Reconstruction period?
Radical Republicans
What was the irony of the USA's situation during WWII?
Fighting a racist regime while being racist too
What facilities were denied to black American soldiers during WWII?
Railway restaurants and dining-cars
What was the result of wartime service and mobility for black Americans?
It widened their horizons and exposed them to new experiences
Who was responsible for discrediting the USA in the developing world during the 1950s?
Senator Joseph McCarthy
What was the goal of Thurgood Marshall's 'free by 63' campaign?
To end segregation by the 100th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation
What was the significance of the 1954 court case?
It overruled the Plessy v. Ferguson case
What was the 'Brandeis brief' used for in the Brown v. Board of Education case?
To argue for the desegregation of schools
What was the significant change in the Supreme Court during the 1950s?
The court became more liberal
Study Notes
The Civil War (1861-1865)
- The bloodiest war in the USA, with more victims than all other wars combined (approximately 359,000 Union soldiers and 258,000 Confederates)
- Abraham Lincoln addressed the issue of slavery on two famous occasions:
- Emancipation Proclamation of September 22, 1862
- Gettysburg Address on November 19, 1863
- The Emancipation Proclamation declared that all persons held as slaves in states or parts of states in rebellion against the United States would be free from January 1, 1863
- The proclamation did not apply to areas under Union control, such as parts of Louisiana, Virginia, and West Virginia
After the Civil War (1865-1954)
Reconstruction (1865-1877)
- The period of "Reconstruction" aimed to bring together the American nation after years of brutal conflict
- African Americans still faced significant challenges, including:
- "Black Codes" enacted by southern states to deny them basic civil rights and liberties
- Restrictions on their freedom, such as the inability to strike or leave employment
- Wandering African Americans could be arrested and fined for vagrancy
Presidential Inaction
- President Andrew Johnson, a former slave owner, did not prevent the abuse of African Americans, believing that states had the right to act as they saw fit
- He vetoed the Freedmen's Bureau bill and the Civil Rights bill, which aimed to protect African Americans
Social Change
- During World War II, the USA was fighting a racist regime in Germany while perpetuating racism at home
- Black Americans did not have basic rights, and Nazi war prisoners enjoyed better facilities and treatment than black American soldiers
Political Change
- The antics of Senator Joseph McCarthy damaged the US image abroad, leading to a loss of soft power in the 1950s
- Racist policies were used to discredit the USA in the developing world
Legal Change
- The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was a grassroots civil rights organization founded in 1909
- Thurgood Marshall, head of the NAACP's Legal Defense Fund, set a deadline to end segregation by 1963 (the 100th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation)
- The NAACP worked for change, and President Eisenhower's appointment of Justice Earl Warren led to significant changes in the Supreme Court's decisions
- The Plessy v. Ferguson case was overruled in 1954, paving the way for desegregation
The Civil War was the bloodiest war in the USA, with more victims than all the wars combined. Abraham Lincoln addressed the issue of slavery on two famous occasions, including the Emancipation Proclamation and the Gettysburg Address.
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