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Questions and Answers
Which mathematician is known for introducing algebra and algorithms?
Which mathematician is known for introducing algebra and algorithms?
What was the primary function of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad?
What was the primary function of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad?
What significant concept did Nicolaus Copernicus propose about the solar system?
What significant concept did Nicolaus Copernicus propose about the solar system?
Which of the following figures is known for his work in optics during the Islamic Golden Age?
Which of the following figures is known for his work in optics during the Islamic Golden Age?
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Which invention is Al-Jazari credited with pioneering that is still used in modern engineering?
Which invention is Al-Jazari credited with pioneering that is still used in modern engineering?
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Who formulated soap and distinguished between smallpox and measles?
Who formulated soap and distinguished between smallpox and measles?
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What marked the decline of scientific pursuits in western Europe after the Roman Empire?
What marked the decline of scientific pursuits in western Europe after the Roman Empire?
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What was a significant development in ancient Mesopotamia that contributed to civilization?
What was a significant development in ancient Mesopotamia that contributed to civilization?
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The Golden Age of Islam, which lasted over five centuries, was crucial for what reason?
The Golden Age of Islam, which lasted over five centuries, was crucial for what reason?
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Which philosopher is noted for predicting a solar eclipse in 585 BCE?
Which philosopher is noted for predicting a solar eclipse in 585 BCE?
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What does Aristotle's 'Nicomachean Ethics' primarily seek to achieve?
What does Aristotle's 'Nicomachean Ethics' primarily seek to achieve?
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What defines virtue according to Aristotle?
What defines virtue according to Aristotle?
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What is the highest good according to Aristotle?
What is the highest good according to Aristotle?
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Which statement best describes the relationship between moral and intellectual virtues in Aristotle's philosophy?
Which statement best describes the relationship between moral and intellectual virtues in Aristotle's philosophy?
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Who is considered the Father of Western Philosophy along with Aristotle?
Who is considered the Father of Western Philosophy along with Aristotle?
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What geographical area does Mesopotamia refer to?
What geographical area does Mesopotamia refer to?
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What astronomical discovery is Johannes Kepler known for?
What astronomical discovery is Johannes Kepler known for?
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Which scientist is credited with the invention of the first pendulum clock?
Which scientist is credited with the invention of the first pendulum clock?
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Robert Boyle is best known for which of the following achievements?
Robert Boyle is best known for which of the following achievements?
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What significant contribution did Galileo Galilei make to the field of science?
What significant contribution did Galileo Galilei make to the field of science?
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What major scientific contribution is associated with Ole Romer?
What major scientific contribution is associated with Ole Romer?
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Which philosopher advocated for the scientific method as a foundation for modern science?
Which philosopher advocated for the scientific method as a foundation for modern science?
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Bishop Nicolas Steno made contributions to which scientific fields?
Bishop Nicolas Steno made contributions to which scientific fields?
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What was Robert Hooke noted for in the 1600’s?
What was Robert Hooke noted for in the 1600’s?
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What does the text suggest is essential for addressing future societal needs?
What does the text suggest is essential for addressing future societal needs?
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What key contribution did Jakob Berzelius make to the field of chemistry?
What key contribution did Jakob Berzelius make to the field of chemistry?
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Which aspect of higher education does the text highlight as vital for the Filipino nation?
Which aspect of higher education does the text highlight as vital for the Filipino nation?
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What was one aim of the educational system during Spanish colonization in the Philippines?
What was one aim of the educational system during Spanish colonization in the Philippines?
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Which scientist illustrated that birds could have evolved from dinosaurs?
Which scientist illustrated that birds could have evolved from dinosaurs?
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How did American colonization influence the context of higher education in the Philippines?
How did American colonization influence the context of higher education in the Philippines?
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Who is credited with solving the problem of the periodic table of elements?
Who is credited with solving the problem of the periodic table of elements?
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What is mentioned as a necessary effort for the progression of Filipino society?
What is mentioned as a necessary effort for the progression of Filipino society?
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What groundbreaking concept did Max Planck introduce in the early 1900s?
What groundbreaking concept did Max Planck introduce in the early 1900s?
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Which scientist demonstrated that spontaneous generation of life could not occur?
Which scientist demonstrated that spontaneous generation of life could not occur?
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Who is known for making significant contributions to genetics through the study of pea plants?
Who is known for making significant contributions to genetics through the study of pea plants?
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What view did Louis Agassiz contribute to regarding the Earth's historical climate?
What view did Louis Agassiz contribute to regarding the Earth's historical climate?
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Which biologist pioneered the term 'dinosaurs'?
Which biologist pioneered the term 'dinosaurs'?
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Study Notes
The Advent of Science (600 BC to 1400 AD)
- Ancient Mesopotamia, located in Western Asia between the Tigris-Euphrates River, is considered the Cradle of Civilization due to advancements in agriculture, permanent housing, and inventions such as the wheel and the plow.
- Thales of Miletus, a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer, predicted a solar eclipse on May 28, 585 BCE.
- Aristotle, a Greek philosopher known as the father of Western Philosophy, developed the "Nicomachean Ethics" which explored the pursuit of happiness through virtues.
- The "Arabic Number System" was developed by brilliant Indian mathematicians.
- The House of Wisdom, established in Baghdad, served as a library and research center during the Islamic Caliphate period, reflecting the Islamic belief in the importance of knowledge.
- Al-Sufi, a Persian astronomer, made significant contributions to practical astronomy during the Middle Ages.
THE GREAT SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (1400 – 1700 AD)
- Nicolaus Copernicus, a Polish doctor, proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system, but did not publish his findings until his death.
- Johannes Kepler, a German astrologer, observed the elliptical orbits of Mars.
- Galileo Galilei, an Italian astronomer, used powerful telescopes to identify four moons of Jupiter, marking a new age in cosmology. He also conducted experiments on falling objects and popularized the use of the pendulum as a timekeeper.
- Christian Huygens, a Dutch scientist, built the first pendulum clock in 1657.
- Francis Bacon, an English philosopher, advocated for the use of the scientific method, emphasizing observation and experiment.
- Robert Boyle, an English scientist, made contributions to chemistry, defining elements, compounds, and mixtures, and discovering Boyle's Law, which relates gas pressure to volume.
- Isaac Newton, an English physicist and mathematician, made groundbreaking contributions to physics and mathematics.
- Ole Romer, a Danish astronomer, calculated the approximate speed of light.
- Bishop Nicolas Steno, a contemporary of Ole Romer, made contributions to anatomy and geology, including the study of rock layers.
THE AGE OF MICRO BEINGS
- Robert Hooke, in the late 1600s, revealed the complex structures of small insects.
- Jakob Berzelius created a comprehensive list of atomic weights, advancing knowledge in chemistry.
- Louis Pasteur, a French scientist, disproved spontaneous generation of life.
- August Kekule, a German chemist, discovered the structure of the benzene molecule.
- Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist, solved the problem of organizing the periodic table of elements.
- Marie Curie, a two-time Nobel Prize winner, separated polonium and radium in her laboratory.
- Mary Anning, an English paleontologist, contributed significantly to collections of fossils of extinct animals.
- Richard Owen, an English biologist, coined the term "dinosaurs" to describe the "terrible lizards."
- Louis Agassiz, a Swiss geologist, proposed that large parts of the Earth were once covered in ice.
- Alexander von Humboldt, a naturalist, founded the study of ecology by highlighting the interconnectedness of nature.
- Alfred Russel Wallace and Charles Darwin developed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
- Thomas Huxley, a follower of Darwin, argued that birds evolved from dinosaurs.
- Gregor Mendel, a German-speaking friar, studied pea plants extensively, providing the foundation for the understanding of genetics.
- Lord Kelvin, a British physicist, proclaimed in the early 1900s that "there is nothing new to be discovered in physics now."
THE DAWN OF THE NEW ERA (1900 – 1945)
- Max Planck discovered that electromagnetism travels in distinct packets, rather than continuous waves, a significant departure from classical physics.
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Description
Explore the significant contributions to science and philosophy from ancient civilizations to the Middle Ages. This quiz covers key figures like Thales, Aristotle, and important developments such as the Arabic Number System and the House of Wisdom. Test your knowledge on the foundations of scientific thought and its evolution during these pivotal centuries.
