The Adrenal Glands and Stress Response

The adrenal gland is composed of the adrenal medulla and the adrenal cortex.

The two hormones produced by the adrenal medulla are epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine.

The two major types of hormones produced by the adrenal cortex are glucocorticoids (e.g., cortisone) and mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone).

<p>Epinephrine and norepinephrine both play a role in the body's immediate response to stress. Epinephrine stimulates metabolic activities, bronchial dilation, and increased blood flow to skeletal muscles and the heart, while norepinephrine has a greater influence on peripheral vasoconstriction. Together, they result in a rise in blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Over secretion of adrenal hormones can lead to hypertension and aggressive behavior in routine life. Under secretion, on the other hand, causes a failure to combat emergency situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucocorticoids, such as cortisone, help regulate blood glucose levels, while mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone, help regulate mineral levels in the blood. Both are produced under the influence of ACTH.</p> Signup and view all the answers