Textile Treatments and Garment Dyeing

Study Notes

Suitable for 100% cotton garments like trousers and skirts; DMDHEU is commonly used to achieve permanent pleats.
The chemical treatment needs curing before any wet processing is applied; garments are pressed at 150°C.
Heat treatment is followed for 5 minutes, and optional washing can occur to remove stains.
Robotic spray systems (e.g., Picasso SS330) are used for uniform chemical application on cotton, linen, or viscose.
Garments undergo drying, hot pressing, and rinsing to eliminate unreacted resin.
Surface finishes such as stain release modifiers help reduce pilling by altering the fiber’s surface protein.

Garment dyeing occurs after the manufacturing of garments, allowing cost-effective and trendy production.
Common fabrics include cotton and blends with textiles like wool, nylon, and silk.
Paddle machines and rotary drums are used for dyeing; paddle machines utilize high liquor ratios while rotary drums gently handle garments.
Reactive dyes pose challenges in color fastness, particularly under wet conditions if not completely rinsed.
After-treated direct dyes are traditionally used for both pale and dark shades; treatments can enhance soil-release properties and UV protection.
Wet processing can involve additional finishes for antimicrobial properties and comfort, followed by drying processes.

Special processing in knitwear is crucial for quality enhancement.
Knitwear includes various fibers and blends, often requiring gentle handling to avoid damage during finishing.
Stone tumbling is used in denim processing to create aesthetic effects and does not involve chemicals.
Micro-sanding techniques include sandblasting, machine sanding, and hand sanding, with sandblasting being the most common.
Recent advancements include laser technology for creating patterns on denim, improving efficiency while minimizing fabric damage.

Pressing is essential for removing creases and presenting garments attractively for sale.
Proper garment presentation affects consumer perception and brand recognition; poorly pressed items can decrease retail value.
High-performance machines for shirt finishing include the Veit 8326 finisher and the Veit 8900 press, designed for optimal hem and sleeve positioning.
The UADD B58 jacket press utilizes micro-processor control for precise pressure regulation and production monitoring.
Household pressing is commonly done with electric irons, supported by pressing tables that may include vacuum features for stability during drying.
Steam presses enhance efficiency and improve shape retention during the garment finishing process.