Tetracyclines

Which of the following is NOT a tetracycline antibiotic?

Tetracyclines are classified as ________________ spectrum antibiotics

What property of tetracyclines contributes to variations in their liposolubility?

Why should tetracyclines be protected from UV light?

What effect do multivalent cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Zn²⁺) have on tetracyclines?

Tetracyclines have moderate oral bioavailability

Which route of administration is associated with high bioavailability for tetracyclines?

What does amphoteric mean?

Why is the long-acting effect of tetracyclines lost when administered intravenously (IV)?

What type of pharmacokinetic behavior is associated with tetracyclines?

In which body fluids or tissues are tetracyclines well distributed?

The tetracyclines are eliminated in ___________ unchanged primarily by _______________

How does renal impairment affect the elimination of most tetracyclines (excluding DXC)?

Why does doxycycline (DXC) not accumulate in patients with renal insufficiency?

Doxycycline is highly protein bound

Tetracyclines are known for their ability to chelate. What is chelate?

What is the consequence of chelation?

MOA: Tetracyclines bind to the __________ and interfere with bacterial protein synthesis

Word bank (bactericidal, bacteriostatic): Tetracyclines are _____________ at usual therapeutic concentrations, but _______________ at high concentrations

Tetracyclines were originally considered time-dependent antimicrobials. What is their current classification?

Tetracyclines are most active at which pH?

Why is oral administration (PO) of tetracyclines not recommended in equids?

Which tetracycline is less likely to cause adverse gastrointestinal effects?

Which of the following factors is associated with nephrotoxicity caused by oxytetracycline (OTC)?

What type of nephrotoxicity is associated with oxytetracycline (OTC)?

What is the primary cause of cardiovascular collapse following rapid IV administration of oxytetracycline (OTC)?

How can cardiovascular collapse due to rapid IV administration of oxytetracycline (OTC) be prevented?

What severe adverse effect has been observed when doxycycline (DXC) is administered intravenously to horses?

What musculoskeletal adverse effect can occur following intramuscular (IM) injection of long-acting oxytetracycline (OTC) formulations?

Which species is especially susceptible to drug fever from tetracyclines?

What precaution should be taken when administering doxycycline (DXC) tablets or capsules to small animals?

Why do tetracyclines cause discoloration of teeth and inhibit bone growth in young animals?

Which tetracycline is least likely to cause tooth discoloration in young animals?

Word bank (aerobe; anaerobe): Most ___________ are susceptible to doxycycline

What is a primary mechanism of acquired tetracycline resistance in bacteria?

What are the resistant mechanisms of tetracycline?

Areobes and facultative anaerobes usually are susceptible to tetracyclines

Gram positive intracellular bacteria (e.g. Listeria monocytogenes) are resistant to tetracyclines

Which of the following bacterial groups are usually susceptible to tetracyclines?

Resistance to tetracyclines is common among which group of bacteria?

Which of the following intracellular bacteria are typically susceptible to tetracyclines, with only a few recent reports of resistance?

Which bacterial genus is commonly susceptible to tetracyclines?

Which tetracyclines are available as oral veterinary formulations for use in food animals?

Which tetracycline is available as human oral capsules and tablets, as well as an injectable IV solution?

Injectable oxytetracycline (OTC) products are formulated as:

Tetracyclines can be found in which specialized ophthalmic formulation?

Veterinary feed additives are also labeled with tetracyclines

In small animals, tetracyclines are the drug of choice for treating which of the following diseases?

In cats, tetracyclines are primarily used for treating which infections?

Which form of doxycycline (DXC) is recommended for periodontal disease treatment in dogs?

Which of the following is NOT an indication for oral doxycycline as a first-line treatment?

In equines, tetracyclines are the drug of choice for which of the following diseases?

Which tetracycline is commonly used for treating the equine diseases (rickettsial, Potomac Horse Fever, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, equine proliferative enteropathy laswonia)?

In ruminants, oxytetracycline (OTC) is used to treat all of the following:

In pigs, tetracyclines are used to treat infections caused by which pathogens?

Tetracyclines are considered the drug of choice for treating which disease in pet birds?

Which of the following is a non-antibacterial use of oxytetracycline (OTC)?