Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary conversion role of 5α-reductase in relation to testosterone?
What is the primary conversion role of 5α-reductase in relation to testosterone?
- Converts testosterone to progesterone
- Converts testosterone to estradiol
- Converts testosterone to cortisol
- Converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (correct)
Which of the following functions is NOT associated with testosterone?
Which of the following functions is NOT associated with testosterone?
- Enhancement of bone density (correct)
- Spermatogenesis
- Development of internal genitalia
- Feedback inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin release
How do 5α-reductase inhibitors like Finasteride work?
How do 5α-reductase inhibitors like Finasteride work?
- They enhance testosterone production
- They directly increase DHT levels
- They increase androgen receptor sensitivity
- They block the action of 5α-reductase (correct)
Which side effect is common to both 5α-reductase inhibitors and androgen receptor blockers?
Which side effect is common to both 5α-reductase inhibitors and androgen receptor blockers?
What is the androgenic-to-anabolic ratio of anabolic steroids compared to normal androgens?
What is the androgenic-to-anabolic ratio of anabolic steroids compared to normal androgens?
What type of heart failure occurs when the heart pumps a high volume of blood but the body requires even more blood?
What type of heart failure occurs when the heart pumps a high volume of blood but the body requires even more blood?
Which class of drugs is primarily used to remove excess fluid from the body in CHF treatment?
Which class of drugs is primarily used to remove excess fluid from the body in CHF treatment?
What is a common side effect associated with both Loop and Thiazide diuretics?
What is a common side effect associated with both Loop and Thiazide diuretics?
Which type of drug increases the heart's contractility by increasing cAMP levels?
Which type of drug increases the heart's contractility by increasing cAMP levels?
Which of the following side effects is specifically associated with the use of diuretics?
Which of the following side effects is specifically associated with the use of diuretics?
Which medication is often preferred to increase cAMP in the heart?
Which medication is often preferred to increase cAMP in the heart?
In cases of right-sided heart failure, what might be sufficient alone to manage the condition?
In cases of right-sided heart failure, what might be sufficient alone to manage the condition?
Which of the following phases or substances is involved in the mechanism of inotropic drugs?
Which of the following phases or substances is involved in the mechanism of inotropic drugs?
Flashcards
5α-Reductase
5α-Reductase
An enzyme that converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
Androgen Receptor Blockers
Androgen Receptor Blockers
Drugs that directly block androgen receptors, preventing testosterone from binding and causing its effects.
Anabolic Steroids
Anabolic Steroids
Synthetic compounds that mimic testosterone, promoting muscle growth and development.
Androgenic-to-Anabolic Ratio
Androgenic-to-Anabolic Ratio
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Hepatotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity
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Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
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High Output Heart Failure
High Output Heart Failure
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Low Output Heart Failure
Low Output Heart Failure
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Diuretics in CHF
Diuretics in CHF
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Loop Diuretics
Loop Diuretics
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Thiazide Diuretics
Thiazide Diuretics
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Inotropic Drugs
Inotropic Drugs
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β₁-agonists in CHF
β₁-agonists in CHF
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Study Notes
Testosterone and Related Drugs
- Testosterone is converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5α-reductase. DHT acts on androgen receptors.
- Testosterone can also directly act on androgen receptors.
- Testosterone's functions include: feedback inhibition of gonadotropin release from the pituitary, internal genitalia development, spermatogenesis, and hematopoiesis.
- DHT's functions include secondary sexual characteristics such as prostate development, male pattern hair loss, and other characteristics.
5α-Reductase Inhibitors
- These drugs inhibit the enzyme 5α-reductase, reducing the conversion of testosterone to DHT.
- Examples include finasteride and dutasteride.
- These drugs are used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and androgenic alopecia (male pattern baldness).
Androgen Receptor Blockers
- These drugs block the androgen receptor, preventing testosterone and DHT from binding.
- Examples include flutamide, nilutamide, bicalutamide, and enzalutamide.
- Apalutamide also falls into this category.
- These drugs are often used in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Anabolic Steroids
- Anabolic steroids have a higher ratio of anabolic to androgenic activity (1:3) compared to normal androgens (1:1). This higher ratio allows them to promote muscle growth and promote cell growth and repair.
- Examples include nandrolone and stanozolol.
- Anabolic steroids are often used to improve athletic performance, but they have potential side effects such as hepatotoxicity, impotence, and are often detected in doping tests at competitive sports (like the Olympics).
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Description
Explore the mechanisms of testosterone and related drugs, including 5α-reductase inhibitors and androgen receptor blockers. This quiz will cover their functions, effects, and clinical applications in treating conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia and male pattern baldness.
