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Testicular Examination and Pregnancy Complications
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Testicular Examination and Pregnancy Complications

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Questions and Answers

Which statement by the patient indicates a need for re-education regarding self-care during pregnancy?

  • I will avoid sexual intercourse and douching throughout the rest of the pregnancy.
  • I may start to experience dark red bleeding with pain. (correct)
  • My uterus should be soft and non-tender.
  • I will have another ultrasound at 32 weeks to re-assess the placenta’s location.

    • What assessment finding would the nurse expect to note in a patient with abruptio placenta?

  • A soft abdomen
  • Uterine tenderness/pain (correct)
  • Absence of abdominal pain
  • Painless, bright red vaginal bleeding

    • What is the safest method to confirm placenta previa?

  • MRI
  • Clotting studies
  • X-ray
  • Ultrasound (correct)

    • Which observation would lead the nurse to suspect a neonate has been exposed to meconium in utero?

    <p>The baby's umbilical cord is green.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an expected nursing action when a baby with elevated bilirubin levels is placed under bili lights?

    <p>Rotate the baby from front to back every 2 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action should the nurse take while providing care during fluorescent phototherapy for a baby with hemolytic jaundice?

    <p>Cover the baby’s eyes with eye pads.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the skin thermal sensor be placed for a neonate in the warming crib for poor thermoregulation?

    <p>Abdominal wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be an appropriate nursing action for a baby in the NICU whose mother was addicted to heroin during pregnancy?

    <p>Initiate strict monitoring for withdrawal symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is indicated by edema of the testicles in a teen?

    <p>Scrotal edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about testicular self-examination is inaccurate?

    <p>Apply gentle pressure with your thumb, index, and middle fingers. Your testicle should hurt when you feel it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metabolic change in pregnancy does not affect diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Vomiting decreases carbohydrate intake leading to metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fetal complication is not associated with gestational diabetes?

    <p>Increased renal threshold for sugar linked to glycosuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition poses a risk for developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during pregnancy?

    <p>Antiphospholipid antibodies / Antiphospholipid syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a woman with heart disease avoid during her pregnancy?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse do while administering Surfactant (beractant) to a 1,000-gram neonate?

    <p>Assist the neonatologist during the intubation procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a risk factor for cardiac disease in pregnancy?

    <p>Pulmonary disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sign should the nurse specifically monitor for in an infant at risk for fetal alcohol syndrome?

    <p>Poor suck reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an effect of pregnancy on heart disease?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What assessment should the nurse request for an infant showing signs of withdrawal, such as tremors and a shrill cry?

    <p>Urine drug toxicology test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an infant of a non-insulin dependent diabetic mother, what is the appropriate action when the glucose level is slightly elevated?

    <p>Feed the baby a bottle of dextrose and water and reassess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic finding would be expected in the smaller twin of monochorionic twins with twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome?

    <p>Pallor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common sign that may occur in newborns experiencing neonatal abstinence syndrome?

    <p>High-frequency crying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following could be a predisposing factor for mastitis in breastfeeding mothers?

    <p>Infrequent breastfeeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which finding indicates a possible complication in a newborn from a mother with a history of diabetes?

    <p>Abnormal bilirubin levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates that the patient should see an OB-GYN for medical advice regarding iron supplementation?

    <p>Iron Deficiency Anemia is most common during the 2nd trimester.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does not contribute to the nurse assessing the patient's risk for imbalanced nutrition?

    <p>Regular check-up to OB-GYN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement shows the patient's understanding of health teaching regarding iron supplementation?

    <p>I suffered from IDA, therefore I should take iron supplementation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is indicated by extreme nausea and vomiting in a pregnant patient leading to weight loss and dehydration?

    <p>Hyperemesis Gravidarum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abnormality in pregnancy when an ultrasound shows pregnancy in the fallopian tube?

    <p>Ectopic Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT associated with molar pregnancy?

    <p>Gestational Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is suggested by the absence of fetal heart sounds and skeletal observation during ultrasound?

    <p>Molar pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What signifies that a first-time expectant mother may be experiencing atypical pregnancy signs?

    <p>Uterine expansion occurs faster than normal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following should not be a therapeutic management approach for a molar pregnancy?

    <p>Do nothing, because this is normal for a pregnant woman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions would likely require immediate medical attention during pregnancy?

    <p>Pregnancy-induced hypertension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is contraindicated when caring for a pediatric client scheduled for Wilms tumor removal?

    <p>Abdominal palpation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the nurse respond to a parent who asks about stage III cancer in their child?

    <p>The cancer cells have spread to the lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the priority action when caring for a child newly diagnosed with Wilms tumor?

    <p>Protect the abdomen from manipulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a well-defined risk management technique to prevent childhood cancer?

    <p>Limit sun exposure throughout childhood and adolescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common sites where rhabdomyosarcoma occurs?

    <p>Head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication is important to monitor for in a patient with a molar pregnancy?

    <p>Hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Testicular Examination

    • Edema of the testicles could indicate a testicular tumor, scrotal hernia, scrotal edema, or torsion of the spermatic cord.
    • During testicular self-examination, the testicle should feel smooth, rounded, and firm.
    • The epididymis can be felt on top and behind each testicle.
    • The best time to perform testicular self-examination is in the shower or bath when the scrotum is relaxed.
    • If the testicle has any lumps or is enlarged, call a healthcare provider immediately.

    Pregnancy and Diabetes Mellitus

    • Increased insulin antagonistic hormones during pregnancy include cortisol, estrogen, progesterone, and human placental lactogen.
    • Excess glucose crossing the placenta during pregnancy can lead to a large for gestational age (LGA) baby.

    Gestational Diabetes Complications

    • Gestational diabetes can lead to fetal complications such as hyperbilirubinemia, spontaneous abortion or fetal anomalies, and neonatal hyperglycemia.

    Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) in Pregnancy

    • Conditions at risk for developing DVT in pregnancy include spontaneous miscarriage, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLA) / antiphospholipid syndrome.

    Heart Disease in Pregnancy

    • Weight gain, infection, edema, and anemia should all be avoided during a pregnancy complicated by heart disease.
    • Rheumatic fever, hypertension, and pulmonary disease are risk factors for cardiac disease in pregnancy.
    • Pregnancy increases cardiac output by 50%, blood volume peaks at 24-28 weeks, and the heart must contract harder and faster to accommodate the increased blood volume.

    Placenta Previa

    • Placenta previa can cause painless, bright red vaginal bleeding.
    • Ultrasound is the most accurate and safest way to diagnose placenta previa.

    Meconium In Utero Exposure

    • Green umbilical cord is the most common indicator of meconium exposure in utero.

    Neonatal Jaundice

    • Jaundice is treated by placing the infant under bili lights.
    • Rotate the infant from front to back every 2 hours to ensure even exposure.

    Thermoregulation in Newborns

    • The xiphoid process is the most appropriate site for placement of a skin thermal sensor to monitor thermoregulation in a warming crib.

    Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS)

    • Babies born to mothers addicted to heroin may experience NAS, characterized by tremors, sneezing, excessive sucking or mouthing, and a shrill, high-pitched cry.

    Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

    • Survanta (beractant) is used to prevent RDS in premature infants by providing surfactant to the lungs.

    Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

    • Babies born to mothers addicted to alcohol may exhibit signs of FAS, such as poor suck reflex, absent Moro reflex, and failure to thrive.

    Macrosomia in Infants of Diabetic Mothers

    • Macrosomic infants are born to mothers with diabetes and have an elevated risk of hypoglycemia.
    • Infants of diabetic mothers have a higher normal glucose range.

    Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome

    • In monochorionic twins, the smaller twin can experience pallor and anemia due to twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome.

    Mastitis

    • The primary predisposing factor for mastitis is breastfeeding.

    Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)

    • IDA is most common during the second trimester of pregnancy.
    • Iron supplementation is usually recommended during pregnancy.
    • Eating green, leafy vegetables, beans, and supplementing with iron can help prevent IDA.

    Hyperemesis Gravidarum

    • Hyperemesis gravidarum is characterized by extreme nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, often resulting in weight loss and dehydration.

    Ectopic Pregnancy

    • An ectopic pregnancy occurs when the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus.
    • The most common location for an ectopic pregnancy is the fallopian tube.

    Molar Pregnancy

    • A molar pregnancy is a condition where the placenta is not fully formed and there is no fetus.
    • A molar pregnancy presents with an enlarged uterus, abnormal bleeding, and elevated levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG).

    Wilms Tumor (Nephroblastoma)

    • Palpation of the abdomen is contraindicated when caring for a patient with a Wilms tumor to prevent rupture of the tumor.
    • The priority action for a child newly diagnosed with a Wilms tumor is to protect the abdomen from manipulation.

    Rhabdomyosarcoma

    • Common sites for rhabdomyosarcoma include the head, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary system.

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    Description

    This quiz covers essential knowledge about testicular examinations, signs of potential issues like tumors, and the impacts of pregnancy on diabetes management. It highlights the importance of self-examination techniques and the complications that may arise from gestational diabetes. Understanding these concepts is crucial for both men's health and prenatal care.

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