192 Questions
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits cell wall biosynthesis and is an excellent example of selective toxicity?
Penicillin and other β-lactams
Which antibacterial drug inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by binding to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors?
Vancomycin
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs impairs the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing peptide bond formation and leading to broad-spectrum bacteriostatic activity?
Macrolides
Which class of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which antibacterial drug interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which class of antibacterial drugs has a β-lactam ring fused to a six-member ring, providing increased resistance to enzymatic inactivation by β-lactamases?
Cephalosporins
Which class of antibacterial drugs are similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which class of antibacterial drugs are a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic that was approved by the FDA, but has limited clinical use due to serious side effects, such as lethal gray baby syndrome and suppression of bone marrow production?
Chloramphenicol
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits cell wall biosynthesis and is an excellent example of selective toxicity?
Penicillin and other β-lactams
Which antibacterial drug inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by binding to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors?
Vancomycin
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs impairs the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing peptide bond formation and leading to broad-spectrum bacteriostatic activity?
Macrolides
Which class of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which antibacterial drug interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which class of antibacterial drugs has a β-lactam ring fused to a six-member ring, providing increased resistance to enzymatic inactivation by β-lactamases?
Cephalosporins
Which class of antibacterial drugs are similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which class of antibacterial drugs are a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic that was approved by the FDA, but has limited clinical use due to serious side effects, such as lethal gray baby syndrome and suppression of bone marrow production?
Chloramphenicol
Which of the following is a characteristic of antimicrobial drugs?
They selectively kill or inhibit microbial targets
Which type of cells provide greater variety of unique targets for selective toxicity?
Prokaryotic cells
Which of the following is true about the mode of action of antibacterial drugs?
Each class of antibacterial drugs has a unique mode of action
Which of the following antibacterials is an excellent example of selective toxicity?
Penicillin
Which of the following is true about cephalosporins?
They inhibit the crosslinking of peptide chains during the biosynthesis of new peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall
Which of the following is true about the carbapenem family?
They provide broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens
Which of the following antibacterials inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by binding to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors?
Vancomycin
Which of the following is true about aminoglycosides?
They impair the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins
Which of the following is true about tetracyclines?
They inhibit protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation
Which of the following is true about macrolides?
They block elongation of proteins by inhibiting peptide bond formation between specific combinations of amino acids
Which of the following antibacterials interacts with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria?
Polymyxins
Which of the following antibacterials inserts into the cytoplasmic membrane of gram-positive bacteria, disrupting the membrane and killing the cell?
Daptomycin
Which of the following is a characteristic of antimicrobial drugs with selective toxicity?
They selectively kill or inhibit microbial targets while causing minimal harm to the host
Which type of cells provide greater variety of unique targets for selective toxicity, making them the most commonly used antimicrobial drugs?
Prokaryotic cells
What is the unique target of antibacterials that target cell wall biosynthesis?
Peptidoglycan
Which antibiotic was the first to be discovered?
Penicillin
What is the unique feature of cephalosporins that provides increased resistance to enzymatic inactivation by β-lactamases?
A six-member ring
Which class of antibacterial drugs provides broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens?
Carbapenems
What is the unique target of bacitracin?
Lipopolysaccharide
Which class of antibacterial drugs is large, highly polar, and impairs the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which class of antibacterial drugs is broad-spectrum and inhibits elongation of proteins by inhibiting peptide bond formation between specific combinations of amino acids?
Macrolides
Which class of antibacterial drugs interacts with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which antibacterial drug blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which of the following is NOT a class of antibacterial drugs that inhibit protein synthesis?
Vancomycin
Which of the following is a semisynthetic drug that provides broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens?
Carbapenem
Which of the following antibacterial drugs is bacteriostatic and inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which of the following antibacterial drugs is a lipopeptide that inserts into the cytoplasmic membrane of gram-positive bacteria, disrupting the membrane and killing the cell?
Daptomycin
Which of the following is a broad-spectrum, bacteriostatic drug that blocks elongation of proteins by inhibiting peptide bond formation between specific combinations of amino acids?
Macrolides
Which of the following antibacterial drugs interacts with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which of the following antibacterial drugs inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by binding to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors, creating a structural blockage that prevents their incorporation into the growing peptidoglycan structure?
Vancomycin
Which of the following is a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which of the following antibacterial drugs interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which of the following is similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which of the following is produced by Streptomyces venezuelae, was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic that was approved by the FDA, but has limited clinical use due to serious side effects, such as lethal gray baby syndrome and suppression of bone marrow production?
Chloramphenicol
Which of the following antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which class of antibacterial drugs is the most commonly used due to the greater variety of unique targets for selective toxicity provided by prokaryotic cells?
Antibacterial drugs
Which of the following is an example of an antibacterial drug that targets cell wall biosynthesis?
Penicillin
Which class of antibacterial drugs provides broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens?
Carbapenems
Which antibacterial drug blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs impairs the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which class of antibacterial drugs is similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which class of antibacterial drugs interacts with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which antibacterial drug interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which of the following is a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic that was approved by the FDA, but has limited clinical use due to serious side effects, such as lethal gray baby syndrome and suppression of bone marrow production?
Chloramphenicol
Which class of antibacterial drugs is the most commonly used due to the greater variety of unique targets for selective toxicity provided by prokaryotic cells?
Antibacterial drugs
Which antibacterial drug was the first antibiotic discovered?
Penicillin
Which class of antibacterial drugs provides broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens?
Carbapenems
Which antibacterial drug blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs impairs the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which class of antibacterial drugs are broad-spectrum, bacteriostatic drugs that block elongation of proteins by inhibiting peptide bond formation between specific combinations of amino acids?
Macrolides
Which class of antibacterial drugs is similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which class of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which antibacterial drug is a lipopeptide that inserts into the cytoplasmic membrane of gram-positive bacteria, disrupting the membrane and killing the cell?
Daptomycin
Which antibacterial drug interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which antibacterial drug inserts into the cytoplasmic membrane of gram-positive bacteria, disrupting the membrane and killing the cell?
Daptomycin
Which class of antibacterial drugs interacts with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits nucleic acid synthesis by blocking RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which antibacterial drug was the first antibiotic discovered and inhibits the crosslinking of peptide chains during the biosynthesis of new peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall?
Penicillin
Which class of antibacterial drugs includes semisynthetic drugs that provide broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens?
Carbapenems
Which class of antibacterial drugs are broad-spectrum, bacteriostatic drugs that block elongation of proteins by inhibiting peptide bond formation between specific combinations of amino acids?
Macrolides
Which class of antibacterial drugs is similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which antibacterial drug inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by binding to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors, creating a structural blockage that prevents their incorporation into the growing peptidoglycan structure?
Vancomycin
Which class of antibacterial drugs are large, highly polar drugs that impair the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs is a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which antibacterial drug blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs targets cell wall biosynthesis and is an excellent example of selective toxicity?
Penicillin and other β-lactams
Which antibacterial drug binds to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors, creating a structural blockage that prevents their incorporation into the growing peptidoglycan structure?
Vancomycin
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs impairs the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which class of antibacterial drugs are similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which antibacterial drug was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic that was approved by the FDA, but has limited clinical use due to serious side effects, such as lethal gray baby syndrome and suppression of bone marrow production?
Chloramphenicol
Which class of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which antibacterial drug interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which class of antibacterial drugs has a β-lactam ring fused to a six-member ring, providing increased resistance to enzymatic inactivation by β-lactamases?
Cephalosporins
Which class of antibacterial drugs are a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which class of antibacterial drugs has the most limited clinical use due to serious side effects, such as lethal gray baby syndrome and suppression of bone marrow production?
Chloramphenicol
Which class of antibacterial drugs binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and is a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which antibacterial drug inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by blocking the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs impairs the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs has a β-lactam ring fused to a six-member ring, providing increased resistance to enzymatic inactivation by β-lactamases?
Cephalosporins
Which antibacterial drug inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by binding to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors, creating a structural blockage that prevents their incorporation into the growing peptidoglycan structure?
Vancomycin
Which class of antibacterial drugs is similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which class of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which antibacterial drug interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which class of antibacterial drugs are bacteriostatic and inhibit protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which class of antibacterial drugs cause mismatches between codons and anticodons, leading to faulty proteins that insert into and disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane, resulting in broad-spectrum bactericidal activity?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs is the most commonly used due to the greater variety of unique targets for selective toxicity provided by prokaryotic cells?
Antibacterial drugs
Which antibacterial drug was the first antibiotic discovered and inhibits the crosslinking of peptide chains during the biosynthesis of new peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall?
Penicillin
Which class of antibacterial drugs includes semisynthetic drugs that provide broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens?
Carbapenems
Which antibacterial drug blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs are large, highly polar drugs that impair the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs is bacteriostatic and inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which class of antibacterial drugs are broad-spectrum, bacteriostatic drugs that block elongation of proteins by inhibiting peptide bond formation between specific combinations of amino acids?
Macrolides
Which antibacterial drug is a lipopeptide that inserts into the cytoplasmic membrane of gram-positive bacteria, disrupting the membrane and killing the cell?
Daptomycin
Which class of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which class of antibacterial drugs interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which class of antibacterial drugs is similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which class of antibacterial drugs is the most commonly used antimicrobial drug due to the greater variety of unique targets for selective toxicity provided by prokaryotic cells?
Antibacterial drugs
Which antibacterial drug was the first antibiotic discovered?
Penicillin
Which class of antibacterial drugs includes semisynthetic drugs that provide broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens?
Carbapenems
Which antibacterial drug blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing peptide bond formation and leading to broad-spectrum bacteriostatic activity?
Macrolides
Which class of antibacterial drugs is similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which antibacterial drug interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which class of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which class of antibacterial drugs are a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which antibacterial drug inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by binding to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors, creating a structural blockage that prevents their incorporation into the growing peptidoglycan structure?
Vancomycin
Which class of antibacterial drugs has a β-lactam ring fused to a six-member ring, providing increased resistance to enzymatic inactivation by β-lactamases?
Macrolides
Which of the following is a bacteriostatic drug that inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which of the following is a broad-spectrum, bacteriostatic drug that blocks elongation of proteins by inhibiting peptide bond formation between specific combinations of amino acids?
Macrolides
Which of the following antibacterial drugs inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by binding to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors, creating a structural blockage that prevents their incorporation into the growing peptidoglycan structure?
Vancomycin
Which of the following classes of antibacterial drugs has a β-lactam ring fused to a six-member ring, providing increased resistance to enzymatic inactivation by β-lactamases?
Cephalosporins
Which of the following antibacterial drugs is a lipopeptide that inserts into the cytoplasmic membrane of gram-positive bacteria, disrupting the membrane and killing the cell?
Daptomycin
Which of the following classes of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which of the following classes of antibacterial drugs inhibits nucleic acid synthesis by blocking RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which of the following classes of antibacterial drugs are similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which of the following antibacterial drugs interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which of the following classes of antibacterial drugs cause mismatches between codons and anticodons, leading to faulty proteins that insert into and disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane, resulting in broad-spectrum bactericidal activity?
Aminoglycosides
Which of the following classes of antibacterial drugs are a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which of the following antibacterial drugs blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs is the most commonly used antimicrobial drug due to the greater variety of unique targets for selective toxicity provided by prokaryotic cells?
Antibacterials that target cell wall biosynthesis
Which antibacterial drug was the first antibiotic discovered and inhibits the crosslinking of peptide chains during the biosynthesis of new peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall?
Penicillin
Which class of antibacterial drugs has a β-lactam ring fused to a six-member ring, providing increased resistance to enzymatic inactivation by β-lactamases?
Cephalosporins
Which antibacterial drug inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by binding to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors, creating a structural blockage that prevents their incorporation into the growing peptidoglycan structure?
Vancomycin
Which antibacterial drug blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs impairs the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs is similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which class of antibacterial drugs is a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which class of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which antibacterial drug interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which broad-spectrum antibiotic was the first approved by the FDA, but has limited clinical use due to serious side effects, such as lethal gray baby syndrome and suppression of bone marrow production?
Chloramphenicol
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which antibacterial drug inserts into the cytoplasmic membrane of gram-positive bacteria, disrupting the membrane and killing the cell?
Daptomycin
Which class of antibacterial drugs binds to the end of the peptide chain of cell wall precursors, creating a structural blockage that prevents their incorporation into the growing peptidoglycan structure?
Vancomycin
Which class of antibacterial drugs are large, highly polar drugs that impair the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, causing mismatches between codons and anticodons and resulting in the production of faulty proteins?
Aminoglycosides
Which class of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which antibacterial drug blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs are a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which class of antibacterial drugs are similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which class of antibacterial drugs inhibits cell wall biosynthesis and is an excellent example of selective toxicity because human cells do not make peptidoglycan?
Penicillin
Which class of antibacterial drugs interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic that was approved by the FDA, but has limited clinical use due to serious side effects, such as lethal gray baby syndrome and suppression of bone marrow production?
Chloramphenicol
Which class of antibacterial drugs is most commonly used due to the greater variety of unique targets for selective toxicity provided by prokaryotic cells?
Antibacterial drugs
Which antibacterial drug was the first antibiotic discovered?
Penicillin
Which class of antibacterial drugs includes semisynthetic drugs that provide broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens?
Carbapenems
Which antibacterial drug blocks the activity of a specific cell-membrane molecule that is responsible for the movement of peptidoglycan precursors from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
Bacitracin
Which class of antibacterial drugs is broad-spectrum, bacteriostatic, and inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the association of tRNAs with the ribosome during translation?
Tetracyclines
Which class of antibacterial drugs are similar in their mode of action to the macrolides, but are more active against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections?
Lincosamides
Which class of antibacterial drugs interact with lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, killing the cell through the eventual disruption of the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane?
Polymyxins
Which antibacterial drug interferes with DNA replication in target cells and is also an antiprotozoan?
Metronidazole
Which class of antibacterial drugs blocks RNA polymerase activity in bacteria, providing selective toxicity against bacterial cells, but can induce liver enzymes to increase metabolism of other drugs being administered, leading to hepatotoxicity?
Rifampin
Which class of antibacterial drugs has a β-lactam ring fused to a six-member ring, providing increased resistance to enzymatic inactivation by β-lactamases?
Cephalosporins
Which class of antibacterial drugs are a new broad-spectrum class of synthetic protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, but their mechanism of action is somewhat different from other 50S subunit-binding protein synthesis inhibitors?
Oxazolidinones
Which was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic that was approved by the FDA, but has limited clinical use due to serious side effects, such as lethal gray baby syndrome and suppression of bone marrow production?
Chloramphenicol
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