Test Revision and Improvement Theory

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a sensitivity review during the test development process?

To conduct item analysis

To administer the test to a sample of examinees

To examine items for fairness and offensive content (correct)

To create new test items

What action typically follows the completion of item analysis in the new test development process?

Conducting a sensitivity review

Developing norms

Revising or removing test items (correct)

Creating a new test

What is the purpose of administering the revised test to a second sample of examinees under standardized conditions?

To create norms from the data (correct)

To gather information for item analysis

To deem the test finished

To construct new items

What step typically comes after revising the test items based on information from the second sample administration?

Standardization of the test Signup and view all the answers

When does a test developer decide that a test is in its 'finished form'?

After revising and administering to a second sample Signup and view all the answers

What signifies that a test has been 'standardized' in the test development process?

Developing norms from data Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of cross-validation in test development?

To ensure that the test items are reliable across different samples of test-takers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the decrease in item validities observed during cross-validation?

The operation of chance and sampling error Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of co-validation in test development?

To validate multiple tests using the same sample of test-takers Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an anchor protocol in test revision?

To provide a model for scoring and resolving scoring discrepancies Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is a primary reason for revising an existing test?

To modify the test's theoretical framework Signup and view all the answers

What is co-norming in the context of test development?

Revising existing test norms or creating new norms for a test Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a condition that would necessitate revising an existing test?

The test publisher has decided to discontinue the test for commercial reasons. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason given in the passage for revising the verbal content of a test?

The test administration instructions contain language that may be perceived as offensive. Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following would NOT be a reason to extend the age norms of a test?

The test publisher wants to market the test to a wider age range. Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following statements about test revision is true?

Tests should be kept in their present form as long as they remain useful for their intended purpose. Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following would be a reason to revise the norms of an existing test?

The population of potential test-takers has changed in terms of group membership. Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following statements about item analysis is true?

Item analysis is a process used to evaluate the psychometric properties of test items. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sensitivity Review and Test Development

A sensitivity review aims to identify potentially biased or harmful content in test items to ensure fairness and inclusivity.
Action following item analysis typically involves revising items based on performance and statistical metrics gathered from the initial test administration.

Administration of Revised Tests

Administering the revised test to a second sample ensures that improvements are effective and the test functions properly in standardized conditions.
Following the second sample's administration, test items are usually revised again based on feedback and data collected during this phase.

Test Development Finalization

A test is considered in its 'finished form' when it consistently meets reliability and validity criteria, indicating its readiness for broader use.
Standardization signifies that a test has been normed against a representative sample, allowing for fair comparisons among test takers.

Cross-Validation in Test Development

The primary purpose of cross-validation is to verify the stability and accuracy of the test scores across different populations and settings.
Decrease in item validities during cross-validation is often due to variations in sample characteristics or contexts that were not present in the original sample.

Co-Validation and Test Revision

Co-validation involves the simultaneous validation of two different tests to establish a relationship between them and enhance validity measures.
An anchor protocol serves as a framework for revising test items, ensuring consistency and quality across revised assessments.

Reasons for Revising Tests

Revising an existing test may be driven by evolving educational standards, changes in the population being assessed, or the need to improve item quality.
Co-norming refers to the process of developing norms for multiple tests using the same sample to provide a comparative basis for interpretation.

Conditions for Test Revision

Conditions not necessitating the revision of a test may include minor changes in delivery format that don't affect content.
Reasons for revising verbal content can include outdated language or the need to reflect contemporary issues relevant to the test population.

Norms and Test Revision Practices

Extending age norms typically wouldn't be justified without substantial changes in the target population's characteristics.
True statements about test revision emphasize the ongoing nature of assessments in adapting to various educational needs and research findings.
Revising norms of an existing test is justified when demographic shifts or changes in test population characteristics occur that impact scoring validity.

Item Analysis Insights

Key insights from item analysis show how individual items perform statistically, aiding in identifying items that may require modification or elimination to enhance overall test quality.

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Description

Explore how the reliability, validity, and effectiveness of a test can be enhanced through revisions based on improved theories. Learn about cross-validation and co-validation techniques to strengthen the design and content of tests.