Temporomandibular Joint Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What are the three bands of the articular disc in the TMJ?

  • Anterior, intermediate, posterior (correct)
  • Lateral, medial, central
  • Outer, inner, central
  • Superior, middle, inferior

    • The intermediate band of the articular disc is the thickest band.

    False

    What is the volume of the superior compartment of the TMJ?

    1.2 mL

    The __________ zone is the posterior attachment complex of the TMJ.

    <p>bilaminar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments anchor the articular disc to the condyle?

    <p>Medial and lateral ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The articular disc divides the TMJ into superior and inferior compartments.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each TMJ structure with its corresponding function:

    <p>Articular disc = Divides TMJ into compartments Superior compartment = Allows translational movement Inferior compartment = Facilitates rotational movement Bilaminar zone = Posterior attachment complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of synovial fluid in the TMJ?

    <p>Lubrication and metabolic support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the articular disc in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?

    <p>To absorb shock between the articulating bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mandibular condyles are shaped like footballs and have a mediolateral measurement of 20mm.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the structure that articulates with the mandibular condyle to form the temporomandibular joint.

    <p>glenoid fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___________ bone contains the auditory and vestibular apparatus.

    <p>petrous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the temporomandibular joint with their functions:

    <p>Articular eminence = Attachment for capsule and lateral ligament Glenoid fossa = Depression for condyle articulation Articular tubercle = Bony prominence on zygomatic process Postglenoid tubercle = Attachment for retrodiscal pad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the temporal bone is known for forming portions of the external auditory canal?

    <p>Tympanic part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The articular surface of the mandibular condyle is made of hyaline cartilage.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary load-bearing areas of the articular disc?

    <p>lateral aspect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the Temporomandibular (lateral) ligament?

    <p>Prevents lateral and posterior displacement of the condyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The stylomandibular ligament connects the styloid process to the medial side of the mandible.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two components of the collateral ligaments?

    <p>Medial collateral and lateral collateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___________ ligament may help act as a pivot on the mandible during movement.

    <p>sphenomandibular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following ligaments with their description:

    <p>Collateral ligaments = Connects the articular disc to the condyle Temporomandibular ligament = Limits lateral and posterior displacement Stylomandibular ligament = Limits anterior protrusion of the mandible Sphenomandibular ligament = Remnant of Meckel’s cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of connective tissue primarily composes the collateral ligaments?

    <p>Collagenous connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The articular capsule of the TMJ is lined by a synovial membrane.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the attachments of the articular capsule of the TMJ.

    <p>Superior, inferior, medial, lateral, anterior, posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Articular Disc

    • Divided into three bands
      • Anterior: thick band, located just anterior to the condyle with mouth closed
      • Intermediate: thinnest band, situated along the articular eminence with mouth closed
      • Posterior: thick band, located superior to the capsule with mouth closed

    Articular Disc Attachments

    • Medial & Lateral: medial and lateral ligaments anchor the disc to the condyle
    • Anterior: disc is attached to the capsule and superior head of the lateral pterygoid, but not the condyle, allowing disc rotation over the condyle anteroposteriorly
    • Posterior: disc is continuous with the bilaminar zone

    TMJ Compartments

    • Articular disc divides the TMJ into superior and inferior compartments
    • Both compartments contain endothelial cells that produce synovial fluid

    Synovial Fluid

    • Acts as a lubricant
    • Provides metabolic requirements to the TMJ articular surfaces

    Superior Compartment

    • Located between the squamous portion of the temporal bone and the articular disc
    • Volume: 1.2mL
    • Involved in translational movement of the TMJ

    Inferior Compartment

    • Located between the articular disc and the condyle
    • Volume: 0.9mL
    • Involved in rotational movement of the TMJ

    Bilaminar Zone (Posterior Attachment Complex)

    • Bilaminar structure located posterior to the articular disc
    • Highly distortable, especially when opening the mouth
    • Composed of:
      • Superior Lamina - contains elastic fibers and anchors superior aspect of the posterior portion of the disc to the capsule and bone at the postglenoid tubercle and tympanic plate
      • Retrodiscal Pad - highly vascular and neural portion of the TMJ, made of collagen, elastic fibers, fat, nerves, and blood vessels
      • Inferior Lamina - mainly contains collagen fibers and anchors the inferior aspect of the posterior portion of the disc to the condyle

    Capsule

    • Completely encloses the articular surface of the temporal bone and the condyle
    • Composed of fibrous connective tissue
    • Toughened medially and laterally by ligaments
    • Lined by a highly vascular synovial membrane
    • Contains various sensory receptors, including nociceptors
    • Attachments:
      • Superior: along the rim of the temporal articular surfaces
      • Inferior: along the condylar neck
      • Medial: blends along the medial collateral ligament
      • Lateral: blends along the lateral collateral ligament
      • Anterior: blends with the superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle
      • Posterior: along the retrodiscal pad

    Ligaments

    • Four types of ligaments:
      • Collateral Ligaments
      • Temporomandibular (Lateral) Ligament
      • Stylomandibular Ligament
      • Sphenomandibular Ligament

    Collateral Ligaments

    • Two ligaments: medial collateral and lateral collateral
      • Medial Collateral - connects the medial aspect of the articular disc to the medial pole of the condyle
      • Lateral Collateral - connects the lateral aspect of the articular disc to the lateral pole of the condyle
    • Often called discal ligaments
    • Composed of collagenous connective tissue, thus they do not stretch

    Temporomandibular (Lateral) Ligament

    • Thickened ligament on the lateral aspect of the capsule
    • Prevents lateral and posterior displacement of the condyle
    • Composed of two separate bands:
      • Outer Oblique Part - largest portion; attached to the articular tubercle; travels posteroinferiorly to attach immediately inferior to the condyle; limits the opening of the mandible
      • Inner Horizontal Part - smaller band attached to the articular tubercle; runs horizontally to attach to the lateral part of the condyle and disc; limits posterior movement of the articular disc and condyle

    Stylomandibular Ligament

    • A thickening of deep cervical fascia
    • Extends from the styloid process to the posterior margin of the angle of the ramus of the mandible
    • Helps limit anterior protrusion of the mandible

    Sphenomandibular Ligament

    • Remnant of Meckel’s cartilage.
    • Extends from the spine of the sphenoid to the lingula of the mandible
    • May help act as a pivot on the mandible by maintaining the same amount of tension during both opening and closing of the mouth.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the structure and function of the articular disc in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). It covers the disc's compartments, attachments, and the role of synovial fluid. Test your knowledge on this critical aspect of dental and anatomical studies.

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