Temperature Scales Conversion and Comparison Quiz

Phase Changes

• The heat required to change a solid to its liquid state is known as the heat of fusion.
• During melting, water molecules move at a slower pace and become more compact.
• The boiling point of water is 373.15 K in the Kelvin scale.

Temperature Scales

• The formula representing the relationship between Fahrenheit (F) and Kelvin (K) temperatures is: K = (F - 32) × 5/9 + 273.15.

Phase Transformations

• The process of transforming a substance from the solid phase directly to the gas state without passing the liquid phase is called sublimation.
• When a substance changes phase, its internal energy changes without changing the temperature.

Thermal Expansion

• When a substance is heated, its molecules gain kinetic energy and start moving faster, resulting in expansion.
• Thermal expansion causes materials to expand or contract when the temperature changes.
• Mercury rises in a glass thermometer as the temperature increases due to thermal expansion.

Thermal Expansion and Materials

• Thermal expansion differs in solids, liquids, and gases due to differences in molecular arrangements and freedom of movement.
• In solids, thermal expansion occurs due to increased vibrations of molecules.
• In liquids, molecules slide past each other, allowing for expansion.
• In gases, molecules move freely, leading to rapid expansion.

Practical Applications

• Pouring hot water over a metal lid cover of a bottle helps in opening it by exploiting thermal expansion.
• Thermal expansion affects the operation of glass thermometers, as the liquid inside expands with temperature increases.

Phase Changes and the Water Cycle

• Condensation, the process of gas changing to liquid, relates to the formation of clouds in the water cycle.
• Solidification is the process of a substance changing from the liquid phase to the solid phase.
• Deposition is the process of a gas changing directly to a solid, whereas sublimation is the reverse process.

Test your knowledge on converting and comparing temperatures between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin scales. Understand the relationship between temperature readings in different scales and temperature differences.