Temperature Conversion: Celsius to Fahrenheit to Kelvin

Celsius to Fahrenheit and Kelvin Conversions

• Conversion formulas:
  • Fahrenheit (°F) = (°C × 9/5) + 32
  • Kelvin (K) = °C + 273.15
• At 25°C:
  • Equivalent to 77°F and 298.15K
• At -40°C:
  • Equivalent to -40°F and 233.15K
• At 100°C:
  • Equivalent to 212°F and 373.15K
• At 30°C:
  • Equivalent to 86°F and 303.15K
• At -18°C (freezer temperature):
  • Equivalent to -0.4°F and 255.15K
• Average body temperature:
  • 37°C is equal to 98.6°F and 310.15K

Ideal Gas Laws Problems

• Volume decreases when pressure increases (Boyle's Law):
  • 4 liters at 1 atm becomes 2 liters at 2 atm, temperature constant.
• Volume increases with temperature at constant pressure (Charles's Law):
  • 10 liters at 300 K becomes 20 liters at 600 K.
• Pressure increases with temperature at constant volume (Gay-Lussac's Law):
  • 3 atm at 150 K becomes 6 atm at 300 K.
• At constant temperature, volume increases as pressure decreases:
  • 5 liters at 2 atm expands to 10 liters at 1 atm.
• Volume at constant temperature varies with temperature rise:
  • 3 liters at 200 K expands to 6 liters at 400 K.
• Cooling a gas from 400 K to 200 K decreases volume from 6 liters to 3 liters.

Ideal Gas Laws with Temperature Conversion

• Gas at 20°C occupies 10 liters at 1 atm, raising to 40°C leads to a new volume of 12 liters.
• Temperature conversions to Kelvin are crucial for accurate calculations:
  • -50°C to 50°C leads to pressure increase from 1 atm to 2 atm.
• A gas retains its volume of 5 liters when changing from 0°C to 273 K at 1 atm.
• Changing temperature from 30°C to 60°C impacts volume significantly under constant pressure.