Ch 2: Heating of the Atmosphere
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary process that involves the transformation of absorbed short-wave solar radiation into long-wave infrared radiation?

  • Radiation (correct)
  • Conduction
  • Convection
  • Reflection
  • Which factor contributes to spreading solar energy over a larger area at higher latitudes?

  • Convection
  • Latitude (correct)
  • Altitude
  • Ocean Currents
  • What is the primary method through which heat energy is transferred through direct contact?

  • Insulation
  • Radiation
  • Convection
  • Conduction (correct)
  • Which process involves the movement of heat by the mass motion of heated molecules?

    <p>Convection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significant impact of warm ocean currents on nearby land areas?

    <p>Increase in temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do coastal regions generally experience more moderated temperatures compared to inland areas?

    <p>Specific heat capacity of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the increase in global temperatures due to human activities intensifying the natural greenhouse effect?

    <p>Global Warming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of rising sea levels due to increased greenhouse gases?

    <p>Enhanced salination damaging agriculture and ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can shifts in natural habitats and agricultural zones impact biodiversity?

    <p>Cause species extinction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding the dynamics of how the atmosphere is heated important for predicting weather patterns?

    <p>To predict weather patterns and prepare for climate change impacts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of Earth's heat?

    <p>Solar energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are temperatures generally higher near the equator compared to the poles?

    <p>Direct sunlight near the equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of incoming solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth's surface?

    <p>51%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor mainly influences the Earth's albedo and temperature through scattering of solar radiation?

    <p>Atmospheric molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes daily temperature changes on Earth?

    <p>Rotation of the Earth on its axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do seasonal changes in temperature occur on Earth?

    <p>Resulting from Earth's tilt and orbit around the sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which atmospheric components primarily absorb incoming solar radiation?

    <p>Clouds and water vapor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method through which heat energy is transferred at the Earth's surface?

    <p>Conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do mountain peaks near the equator sometimes remain snow-capped despite being at lower altitudes?

    <p>Distance from Earth's heat source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor plays a significant role in raising temperatures in coastal regions compared to inland areas?

    <p>Proximity to the sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of greenhouse gases on agriculture and ecosystems due to increased salination?

    <p>Reduced soil fertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is responsible for moving heat by the mass motion of heated molecules in the atmosphere and oceans?

    <p>Convection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does sunlight energy get distributed at higher latitudes compared to lower latitudes?

    <p>Spreads over a larger area at higher latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do coastal regions experience moderated temperatures compared to inland areas?

    <p>Specific heat capacity of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes rising sea levels in coastal and low-lying regions due to increased greenhouse gases?

    <p>Increased thermal expansion of seawater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do warm ocean currents have on temperatures in nearby land areas?

    <p>Moderate temperatures by raising them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of an enhanced greenhouse effect on global temperatures?

    <p>Substantial increase known as global warming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor primarily causes the variation in temperatures near the equator and poles?

    <p>Intensity and angle of sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process accounts for scattering approximately 12% of incoming solar radiation?

    <p>Absorption in the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of Earth's heat that influences various atmospheric processes?

    <p>Solar energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do regions with ice and snow have a high albedo, reflecting a significant portion of solar radiation?

    <p>Snow and ice are good absorbers of heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the diurnal temperature changes experienced on Earth?

    <p>Rotation of the Earth on its axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor significantly influences the Earth's albedo and temperature through the reflection of solar radiation?

    <p>Cloud cover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from the Earth's tilt and its orbit around the sun, leading to varied sunlight intensities at different times of the year?

    <p>Seasonal changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does an enhanced greenhouse effect have on global temperatures?

    <p>Leading to a substantial increase in global temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for rising sea levels affecting coastal and low-lying regions?

    <p>Global warming due to increased greenhouse gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mountain peaks near the equator, despite their lower altitudes, sometimes remain snow-capped?

    <p>The high altitudes near the equator lead to cooler temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary impact of warm ocean currents on nearby land areas?

    <p>Raising temperatures in nearby regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily causes snow-capped mountain peaks near the equator?

    <p>Altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do coastal regions typically experience moderated temperatures compared to inland areas?

    <p>Specific heat capacity of water and its ability to distribute heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor primarily causes temperature decreases with altitude in the troposphere?

    <p>Distance from Earth’s heat source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does sunlight strike the Earth at sharper angles at higher latitudes?

    <p>As a result of the Earth's tilt on its axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method through which heat energy is transferred through direct contact?

    <p>Conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when sunlight strikes the Earth at sharper angles at higher latitudes?

    <p>Reduces energy absorption by the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the higher temperatures near the equator compared to the poles?

    <p>More direct sunlight near the equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What atmospheric component primarily absorbs a significant portion of incoming solar radiation?

    <p>Water vapor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is responsible for reflecting about 22% of solar radiation back into space?

    <p>Reflection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes daily temperature changes on Earth?

    <p>Earth's rotation on its axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Earth's tilt and orbit around the sun influence seasonal temperature changes?

    <p>By changing the angle of incoming solar radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of scattering approximately 12% of incoming solar radiation?

    <p>Impacting the Earth's temperature and albedo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes significantly to spreading solar energy over a larger area at higher latitudes?

    <p>Sunlight angle relative to the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are regions covered by ice and snow considered to have a high albedo?

    <p>They reflect a significant portion of solar radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for absorbing about 66% of incoming solar radiation?

    <p>Absorption in the atmosphere and by Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of atmospheric components in influencing Earth's temperature?

    <p>Absorbing a portion of incoming solar radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does temperature generally decrease with altitude in the troposphere?

    <p>Distance from the Earth's heat source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do warm ocean currents impact temperatures in nearby land areas?

    <p>They raise temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes coastal regions to typically experience more moderated temperatures compared to inland areas?

    <p>Specific heat capacity of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does the enhanced greenhouse effect impact global temperatures?

    <p>Results in a substantial increase in global temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are mountain peaks near the equator sometimes snow-capped despite their high altitudes?

    <p>'Albedo' effect from snow reflection</p> Signup and view all the answers

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