Ch 2: Heating of the Atmosphere
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary process that involves the transformation of absorbed short-wave solar radiation into long-wave infrared radiation?

  • Radiation (correct)
  • Conduction
  • Convection
  • Reflection

Which factor contributes to spreading solar energy over a larger area at higher latitudes?

  • Convection
  • Latitude (correct)
  • Altitude
  • Ocean Currents

What is the primary method through which heat energy is transferred through direct contact?

  • Insulation
  • Radiation
  • Convection
  • Conduction (correct)

Which process involves the movement of heat by the mass motion of heated molecules?

<p>Convection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significant impact of warm ocean currents on nearby land areas?

<p>Increase in temperatures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do coastal regions generally experience more moderated temperatures compared to inland areas?

<p>Specific heat capacity of water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the increase in global temperatures due to human activities intensifying the natural greenhouse effect?

<p>Global Warming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential effect of rising sea levels due to increased greenhouse gases?

<p>Enhanced salination damaging agriculture and ecosystems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can shifts in natural habitats and agricultural zones impact biodiversity?

<p>Cause species extinction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the dynamics of how the atmosphere is heated important for predicting weather patterns?

<p>To predict weather patterns and prepare for climate change impacts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of Earth's heat?

<p>Solar energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are temperatures generally higher near the equator compared to the poles?

<p>Direct sunlight near the equator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of incoming solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth's surface?

<p>51% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor mainly influences the Earth's albedo and temperature through scattering of solar radiation?

<p>Atmospheric molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes daily temperature changes on Earth?

<p>Rotation of the Earth on its axis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do seasonal changes in temperature occur on Earth?

<p>Resulting from Earth's tilt and orbit around the sun (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which atmospheric components primarily absorb incoming solar radiation?

<p>Clouds and water vapor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method through which heat energy is transferred at the Earth's surface?

<p>Conduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do mountain peaks near the equator sometimes remain snow-capped despite being at lower altitudes?

<p>Distance from Earth's heat source (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor plays a significant role in raising temperatures in coastal regions compared to inland areas?

<p>Proximity to the sea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of greenhouse gases on agriculture and ecosystems due to increased salination?

<p>Reduced soil fertility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for moving heat by the mass motion of heated molecules in the atmosphere and oceans?

<p>Convection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does sunlight energy get distributed at higher latitudes compared to lower latitudes?

<p>Spreads over a larger area at higher latitudes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do coastal regions experience moderated temperatures compared to inland areas?

<p>Specific heat capacity of water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes rising sea levels in coastal and low-lying regions due to increased greenhouse gases?

<p>Increased thermal expansion of seawater (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do warm ocean currents have on temperatures in nearby land areas?

<p>Moderate temperatures by raising them (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of an enhanced greenhouse effect on global temperatures?

<p>Substantial increase known as global warming (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor primarily causes the variation in temperatures near the equator and poles?

<p>Intensity and angle of sunlight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process accounts for scattering approximately 12% of incoming solar radiation?

<p>Absorption in the atmosphere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of Earth's heat that influences various atmospheric processes?

<p>Solar energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do regions with ice and snow have a high albedo, reflecting a significant portion of solar radiation?

<p>Snow and ice are good absorbers of heat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the diurnal temperature changes experienced on Earth?

<p>Rotation of the Earth on its axis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor significantly influences the Earth's albedo and temperature through the reflection of solar radiation?

<p>Cloud cover (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What results from the Earth's tilt and its orbit around the sun, leading to varied sunlight intensities at different times of the year?

<p>Seasonal changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does an enhanced greenhouse effect have on global temperatures?

<p>Leading to a substantial increase in global temperatures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for rising sea levels affecting coastal and low-lying regions?

<p>Global warming due to increased greenhouse gases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mountain peaks near the equator, despite their lower altitudes, sometimes remain snow-capped?

<p>The high altitudes near the equator lead to cooler temperatures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary impact of warm ocean currents on nearby land areas?

<p>Raising temperatures in nearby regions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor primarily causes snow-capped mountain peaks near the equator?

<p>Altitude (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do coastal regions typically experience moderated temperatures compared to inland areas?

<p>Specific heat capacity of water and its ability to distribute heat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor primarily causes temperature decreases with altitude in the troposphere?

<p>Distance from Earth’s heat source (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does sunlight strike the Earth at sharper angles at higher latitudes?

<p>As a result of the Earth's tilt on its axis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method through which heat energy is transferred through direct contact?

<p>Conduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when sunlight strikes the Earth at sharper angles at higher latitudes?

<p>Reduces energy absorption by the surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the higher temperatures near the equator compared to the poles?

<p>More direct sunlight near the equator (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What atmospheric component primarily absorbs a significant portion of incoming solar radiation?

<p>Water vapor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for reflecting about 22% of solar radiation back into space?

<p>Reflection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes daily temperature changes on Earth?

<p>Earth's rotation on its axis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Earth's tilt and orbit around the sun influence seasonal temperature changes?

<p>By changing the angle of incoming solar radiation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of scattering approximately 12% of incoming solar radiation?

<p>Impacting the Earth's temperature and albedo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes significantly to spreading solar energy over a larger area at higher latitudes?

<p>Sunlight angle relative to the surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are regions covered by ice and snow considered to have a high albedo?

<p>They reflect a significant portion of solar radiation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for absorbing about 66% of incoming solar radiation?

<p>Absorption in the atmosphere and by Earth's surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of atmospheric components in influencing Earth's temperature?

<p>Absorbing a portion of incoming solar radiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does temperature generally decrease with altitude in the troposphere?

<p>Distance from the Earth's heat source (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do warm ocean currents impact temperatures in nearby land areas?

<p>They raise temperatures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes coastal regions to typically experience more moderated temperatures compared to inland areas?

<p>Specific heat capacity of water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the enhanced greenhouse effect impact global temperatures?

<p>Results in a substantial increase in global temperatures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are mountain peaks near the equator sometimes snow-capped despite their high altitudes?

<p>'Albedo' effect from snow reflection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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