Teen Supplement Use and Safety

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of supplements that makes their use potentially risky?

  • They are only used by professional athletes
  • They are not regulated by health agencies (correct)
  • They are all plant-based
  • They require a prescription for purchase

What should teens focus on for optimal nutrient intake instead of relying solely on supplements?

  • Eating more fast food
  • A healthy diet (correct)
  • A diet high in supplements
  • Frequent meal skipping

Why might a teen need to use supplements if they have changed their eating habits?

  • To enhance cooking skills
  • To address potential nutrient deficiencies (correct)
  • To avoid any nutritional changes
  • To increase snack consumption

Essential amino acids are often found in which form?

<p>Concentrated powder form (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do carbohydrates supplements primarily provide?

<p>High glycemic carbs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary recommendation for teens interested in performance nutrition?

<p>Consult with a board-certified sports dietitian. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are supplements not recommended for teens under 18 according to the American Academy of Pediatrics?

<p>There is a lack of research and potential risks involved. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What risk is associated with using stimulants such as caffeine or ephedra in young athletes?

<p>Increased risks like anxiety and irregular heartbeat. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of taking high doses of protein supplements?

<p>Cramps and digestive issues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should anabolic steroids be avoided by adolescents?

<p>They can lead to serious health consequences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Supplement regulation

Supplements are not regulated by health agencies and can be bought without a prescription. This means that teenagers could accidentally take too much or not enough, which could lead to health problems.

Performance-enhancing supplements for teens

The American Academy of Pediatrics advises against performance-enhancing supplements for teenagers under 18. This is because there isn't enough research on their safety and they might be risky for young people.

Healthy habits for teenagers

Teenagers should focus on healthy habits like eating nutritious foods, drinking plenty of fluids, training and conditioning, and getting enough sleep and rest. These healthy habits are more important than supplements for overall well-being.

Pre-workout supplements for teenagers

The Mayo Clinic recommends that young athletes avoid pre-workout supplements and energy drinks because there's not enough research on their safety for teenagers.

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Stimulants in Supplements

Products with caffeine, ephedra, or synephrine can cause anxiety, restlessness, racing heart, or an irregular heartbeat. These stimulants can have negative effects on teens.

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Anabolic steroids for teens

Anabolic steroids are strongly discouraged for bodybuilding or performance enhancement in teenagers by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

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Side effects of protein supplements

High doses of protein supplements can cause side effects like thirst, bloating, cramps, diarrhea, poor appetite, and tiredness.

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Vitamin C and E in supplements

The Tolerable Upper Intake Level for vitamin C and E is higher than the doses typically used for exercise and athletic performance. But taking too much can cause side effects.

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Side effects of too much vitamin C

Taking too much vitamin C can cause diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps, and other gastrointestinal disturbances

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Side effects of too much vitamin E

Taking too much vitamin E can increase the risk of hemorrhagic effects, which means excessive bleeding.

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What are supplements?

Products consumed in addition to a regular diet, typically to provide concentrated nutrients derived from food, allowing users to obtain higher dosages of specific nutrients.

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Role of Supplements on Body Composition

Supplements are generally not essential for reaching body composition goals, and their impact on overall body composition is minimal. However, they might offer small benefits in specific contexts.

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Caffeine

A stimulant found in coffee and energy drinks, sometimes used as a supplement for increased alertness and performance. It can be helpful in short bursts but overuse can lead to negative effects.

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Creatine

A naturally occurring compound found in animal meat that can help increase muscle mass and strength when taken as a supplement. It's especially useful for people following a vegetarian or vegan diet.

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Protein

A concentrated form of protein, often used by athletes or individuals aiming to increase muscle mass or recovery after exercise. It's not a substitute for a balanced diet.

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Essential Amino Acids

A powder form of essential amino acids, often used by athletes to improve recovery and muscle building. Essential amino acids are those your body can't produce on its own, so they need to be obtained through diet or supplements.

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Carbohydrate Supplement

High glycemic carbohydrate drinks and gels, used by athletes to quickly replenish energy stores during or after intense physical activity. However, they should not be a primary source of carbohydrates, and excessive consumption can lead to health problems.

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Supplement Stacks

A combination of supplements taken together, often focused on achieving a specific goal, such as improving athletic performance or gaining muscle mass. However, it's essential to choose supplements based on individual needs and consult with a healthcare professional.

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Why are supplements not regulated?

Supplements are not regulated in the same way as medications, meaning their quality and efficacy can vary. Additionally, unsupervised use can lead to overdosing or adverse effects.

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Why are supplements not a substitute for a healthy diet?

While supplements might offer some benefits, prioritizing a balanced healthy diet should be the primary focus for any teenager. They should focus on eating a variety of nutrient-rich foods.

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Study Notes

Teen Supplement Use

  • Teens use supplements for various reasons, including athletic performance, appearance changes, meal replacement, and addressing vitamin/mineral deficiencies.

  • Athletic Performance: Protein supplements are popular choices to enhance endurance, speed, strength, and focus.

  • Appearance: Supplements are used to alter body shape (weight loss/gain, muscle tone).

  • Meal Replacement: Supplements are used as meal replacements by busy teens.

  • Vitamin/Mineral Deficiencies: Supplements may be taken for conditions like anemia, low vitamin D, or low bone density, or for food allergies/intolerances or dietary changes.

  • Supplement Risks: Supplements are unregulated, leading to potential overdose or ineffective use. A healthy diet is crucial for nutrient intake. Consult a sports dietitian for performance nutrition.

Supplement Safety Concerns

  • Unregulated Status: Supplements aren't regulated by health agencies and are sold without prescriptions.

  • Potential for Overdose: Potential for overdose or inefficient use due to unsupervised use.

  • Lack of Research on Teen Use: The American Academy of Pediatrics advises against performance-enhancing supplements for teens due to lack of research and potential risks.

  • Alternative Healthy Habits: Encourage healthy habits like nutritious eating, hydration, training, sufficient rest.

Specific Supplement Concerns

  • Pre-workout supplements and energy drinks: The Mayo Clinic advises against use by young athletes due to limited safety research.

  • Stimulants (Caffeine, Ephedra, Synephrine): These may cause anxiety, restlessness, increased heart rate, and irregular heartbeats.

  • Anabolic Steroids: The American Academy of Pediatrics strongly condemns their use by adolescents for bodybuilding or performance enhancement.

  • Protein Supplements (High Doses): High doses can lead to adverse effects like thirst, bloating, cramps, diarrhea, poor appetite, and tiredness.

  • Vitamins C & E: While their Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is higher than typical athletic doses, excess intake can lead to gastrointestinal issues (vitamin C) or increased hemorrhagic risk (vitamin E).

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