Technology and Operations Management Chapter 3

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Systems (CIMSs)?

To enable effective training for labor forces

To automate scheduling for shipping commitments

To control production activities from planning to distribution (correct)

To set up machines and employees logically

Which technology allows for the duplication of a machinist's skills using programmable devices?

Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

Computer Numerical Control (CNC) (correct)

Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS)

In manufacturing, why is the training of labor considered essential?

To ensure efficient scheduling of work

To manage automated processes effectively

To guarantee quality assurance through inspections

To allow workers to operate complex machinery (correct)

What does Computer-Aided Design & Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD/CAE) primarily assist with?

Designing and testing products before production Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)?

It links multiple computer-controlled machines or robots Signup and view all the answers

Which process is directly controlled by Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)?

Tool movements and cutting speeds Signup and view all the answers

What is a key focus of process performance improvement in manufacturing?

Optimizing production efficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a benefit of Numerical Control (NC) in manufacturing?

Eliminates the need for computer integration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hard technology in operations management?

To perform tasks in the creation and delivery of goods and services Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of soft technology?

Voice-recognition software Signup and view all the answers

What role does information technology play in operations management?

It integrates all parts of the value chain through improved information management. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary benefits of technology in the business context?

Integration of supply and value chain players Signup and view all the answers

What challenge is associated with technology's impact on employees?

Higher skill level requirements for employees Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes RFID technology?

It allows for wireless data collection via tiny computer chips. Signup and view all the answers

Why is technological innovation considered a competitive necessity?

It enables better meeting of customer needs and expectations. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Customer Relationship Management (CRM)?

A strategy to enhance customer relationships and loyalty Signup and view all the answers

How does technology affect the marketplace competitiveness?

It increases competitiveness by improving efficiency. Signup and view all the answers

What are Integrated Operating Systems (IOSs) primarily used for?

Providing managers with enhanced decision-making tools through integration. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best exemplifies hard technology?

Bar-code scanners Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk associated with the rise of service technology?

Customer ownership issues and decision-making difficulties Signup and view all the answers

How does technology contribute to manufacturing and service delivery?

By enabling customization and faster delivery at lower prices Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of technology?

Job displacement for many workers Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about technology's relationship with consumer privacy?

Technology completely eliminates privacy concerns. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is important for managers considering new technology?

Consider integration with legacy systems Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Technology Definition and Impact

Technology encompasses the transformation and manipulation of the human environment, applying scientific knowledge to practical goals.
It significantly enhances productivity across industries including mining, manufacturing, education, and healthcare.
Technological innovation is crucial for maintaining competitiveness in both goods and services.

Types of Technology

Hard Technology: Involves physical equipment and devices, such as:
- Computers, microprocessors, optical switches, robots, and RFID tags.
- RFID tags serve as advanced tracking systems, replacing traditional barcodes for various applications like inventory management and personal identification.
Soft Technology: Encompasses internet-based applications, software, and information systems, providing essential analysis and facilitating service delivery.
- Examples include database systems, artificial intelligence, and voice-recognition software.
Information Technology (IT): Integrates value chain management through sophisticated data handling systems including:
- Integrated Operating Systems (IOSs), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems.

Manufacturing Technology

Advanced manufacturing requires specific technologies to boost efficiency and product quality.
Key considerations include:
- Selecting appropriate technology for production needs.
- Configuring resources logically to optimize workflow.
- Training labor to operate new technologies effectively.
- Continually improving process performance while ensuring quality control.

Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Systems (CIMS)

CIMS combines hardware, software, and communications technologies for automated production control from planning to distribution.
Numerical Control (NC): Enables precise machine operations through programmable devices.
Computer Numerical Control (CNC): An advanced form of NC, where operations are directly controlled by computers.
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM):
- Facilitates design and testing of products before physical production, ensuring specifications are met.
Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS): Utilize interconnected machines or robots to adaptively manage production processes.

Advances in Manufacturing

Innovations include:
- 3D printing, industrial robots, and nanotechnology, revolutionizing production methods across various sectors.

Service Technology

Service technology integrates tech into various service industries, enhancing customer experience and operational efficiency.
E-Services: Use of the internet and technology to deliver value, improving customer services and support for goods.

Technology in the Value Chain

The Internet and e-communications transform operational speed and efficiency within the value chain, posing new challenges for managers.
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) strategies help businesses understand and cater to customer desires to foster loyalty and increase profits.

Benefits and Challenges of Technology

Benefits:
- Fosters new industries and job creation.
- Integrates supply chains, enhances competitiveness, and allows for mass customization.
- Improves overall productivity, customer satisfaction, and lowers operational costs.
Challenges:
- Requires a higher skill level among employees, along with adjustments to integrate new technologies.
- Risk of job displacement and reduced creativity due to automation.
- Concerns around privacy, information overload, and the impact on domestic job opportunities.

Technology Decision Making

Effective management decisions are crucial for incorporating and utilizing new technologies, impacting overall organizational success.

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Description

Explore the intricacies of technology in operations management through this insightful quiz. Chapter 3 covers how scientific knowledge is applied in various industries to transform human environments. Test your understanding of the impact of technology on work practices across different sectors.