Taxonomy and Classification

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following domains includes organisms with cells that lack a nucleus?

  • Eukarya
  • Plantae
  • Archaea (correct)
  • Animalia

A heterotrophic organism can produce its own food using sunlight or chemical energy.

False (B)

The system of naming organisms using their genus and species is known as ______.

binomial nomenclature

Which of the following is a nonliving particle that invades and reproduces inside a living cell?

<p>Virus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What brain disease is caused by prions and linked to cannibalism?

<p>Kuru</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their descriptions:

<p>Autotroph = An organism that can produce its own food Heterotroph = An organism that obtains nutrients by consuming other organisms Prokaryote = A unicellular organism without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles Eukaryote = An organism with cells containing a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lytic cycle results in the immediate destruction of the host cell.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of the capsid?

<p>Providing the outer protein coat of a virus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Carolus Linnaeus in the field of biology?

<p>Father of taxonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the system of classifying organisms based on their characteristics?

<p>Taxonomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Domain

The highest rank in a taxonomic category, including Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot produce its own food and must obtain nutrients from other sources.

Prokaryote

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Binomial nomenclature

A system of naming organisms using their genus and species.

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Taxonomy

The science of classifying organisms based on shared characteristics.

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Autotroph

An organism that produces its own food from inorganic substances, using light or chemical energy.

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Virus

A nonliving particle that invades and reproduces inside a living cell.

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Prion

Infectious protein that causes brain diseases.

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Kuru

Brain disease caused by prions, often from cannibalism.

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Lytic cycle

Reproductive process where viruses replicate within and burst open (lyse) a host cell.

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Study Notes

  • Carolus Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, and physician, known as the father of taxonomy

Domain

  • It is the highest rank in a taxonomic category.
  • The domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

Heterotroph

  • It refers to an organism that cannot produce its own food.
  • It must obtain nutrition by consuming other organisms.

Prokaryote

  • This is a unicellular organism lacking a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
  • Eukaryote is the opposite of prokaryote.

Binomial nomenclature

  • This is a system of naming organisms using genus and species.

Taxonomy

  • It is a method to classify organisms based on their characteristics.

Autotroph

  • This refers to an organism that produces its own food.

Virus

  • It is a nonliving particle that invades and reproduces inside a living cell.

Viroid

  • This is a plant pathogen consisting of a molecule of naked, circular RNA.

Prion

  • It's an infectious protein.

Kuru

  • This is a brain disease.
  • It is caused by prions transmitted through cannibalism.
  • Specifically, the disease arises from consuming the brains of the deceased.
  • Symptoms include insomnia, lack of balance, and ultimately death.

BoP

  • This is a prion disease affecting the brain and central nervous system of cattle.

Lytic Cycle

  • This is a reproductive cycle.
  • Copies of the virus are made in a host cell.
  • The host cell then bursts, releasing new viruses.

Capsid

  • This is the outer protein coat of a virus.

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