19 Questions
What triggers aldosterone secretion and enhances Na+ retention by the kidney?
Salt deficiency
What is the role of miraculin from Synsepalum dulcificum?
It blocks sour receptors and activates sweet receptors
What causes the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores in response to bitter taste receptors?
Conversion of PIP2 into IP3
What type of receptor proteins are found in elegans?
G-protein coupled receptors
What differentiates the vomeronasal organ from the olfactory epithelium in terrestrial vertebrates?
It is isolated from the main airstream
What is the function of chemosensitive sensilla in arthropods?
Detection of pheromones
What was repurposed to function as a carbohydrate detector in Humming Birds?
T1R1 + T1R3 umami receptor
What is the function of the pattern of activation of olfactory receptor cells in humans?
Coding for particular odorants
How many odorant receptors can a single receptor protein recognize?
More than two
What is the role of glomeruli in the olfactory system?
Receiving inputs from receptor cells expressing different receptors
What distinguishes gustation (taste) from olfaction (smell)?
Taste involves detecting airborne chemicals, while smell involves detecting chemicals in contact with the animal.
What is the main function of the flehmen response observed in terrestrial mammals?
It facilitates the transfer of pheromones into the vomeronasal organ.
How does the brain distinguish between different taste qualities such as sweet, salty, bitter, sour, and umami?
By indicating the nutritionally important food and presence of toxins through different types of receptor proteins.
What is the primary mechanism of encoding odors in humans?
Combinatorial encoding based on the pattern of activation of olfactory receptor cells
What is the function of glomeruli in the olfactory system?
Integration of information before reaching the olfactory cortex
What characterizes the mammalian olfactory organization in terms of receptor proteins?
One type of receptor protein per receptor cell
What is the mechanism for detecting sour taste in mammals?
PKD2L1 channel and Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) involving pH-sensitive Na+ channels
What triggers aldosterone secretion and enhances Na+ retention by the kidney?
Salt deficiency triggering aldosterone secretion
What is the transduction mechanism for sweet taste detection?
Broad-spectrum receptors detecting many kinds of sweet substances
Test your knowledge on taste quality coding and transduction mechanisms with this quiz. Explore the regulation of ion channels, the role of Na+ channels in detecting sour taste, and the influence of taste preferences based on nutritional deficiencies.
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