17 Questions
What is one of the tasks of Comparative Typology as outlined in the text?
Investigations in the sphere of Comparative Stylistics
Which aspect of language is NOT mentioned as part of comparative investigations in Comparative Typology?
Pragmatics
What is a key focus of investigations in Comparative Lexicology as stated in the text?
Exploring national-cultural features of languages
In Comparative Typology, what does the correlation and integration involve?
Stylistics, word-building, and phonetics
What does Comparative Typology aim to reveal about related and non-related languages?
National-cultural features
What was the first Latin grammar written by Varron based on?
Greek and Latin languages
Which factor contributed to the development of the science of linguistic comparison by using identified styles or forms of languages to explain another language?
Typological imitation
Who changed 5 cases in Greek into 6 and 8 parts of speech into 7 in English?
Varron
Which period is related to the establishment of Comparative Typology as a separate science?
XX century
What played an important role in fostering the development of the science of linguistic comparison?
Typological imitation
What was the primary factor characterizing the period of the appearance of scientific comparative works?
Period of scientific comparative works
Which ancient scholar(s) analyzed similarities and differences between French, Latin, Greek, and ancient Jewish languages in the 'Port Royal Grammar'?
Antoine Arnauld and Claude Lancelot
What was a key observation made about the ancient Jewish language in the 'Port Royal Grammar'?
It did not share substantial similarity with other languages
What significant role did the 'Port Royal Grammar' play in the development of modern typology?
It spurred rapid development in comparative studies
Who highlighted the increased discussion of the 'Port Royal Grammar' in recent years within the English-speaking world?
N.Kretsman
What role did Comparative Typology play in the study of language units and languages without a common root language?
It played an important role in emerging and developing the subject
What kind of languages did Comparative Typology mainly focus on as mentioned in the text?
Languages without substantial structural similarity but crucial for development
Study Notes
Historical Development of Comparative Linguistics
- The science of linguistic comparison developed slowly, influenced by four periods:
- 1st period: suffixes of reflexivity, reciprocity, causation, modality, comparativeness, etc.
- 2nd period: development of comparative historical linguistics and genealogical and typological classification of languages (mid-XIX century)
- 3rd period: development of comparative historical linguistics (mid-XIX century)
- 4th period: establishment of Comparative Typology as a separate science (XX century)
Factors in the Development of Comparative Typology
- Three factors contributed to the development of Comparative Typology:
- Typological imitation: using identified styles or forms of languages to explain another language
- Appearance of scientific comparative works: comparisons of languages and linguistic units dating back to ancient times
- Study of unknown languages and languages without a writing system
Contributions to Comparative Typology
- Varron's "De Lingua Latina" (117-27 ВС): adapted Greek language grammars, changing 5 cases in Greek to 6 and 8 parts of speech to 7 in English
- Port Royal Grammar: analyzed similarities and differences between French, Latin, Greek, and ancient Jewish languages, revealing the unique features of ancient Jewish language
Tasks of Comparative Typology
- Comparative investigations of language aspects: phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicon, and phraseology
- Categorization in linguistics
- Investigations in Comparative Stylistics and Lexicology
- Language and intercultural communication
- Revealing national-cultural features of related and non-related languages
- Correlation and integration of semantics, word-building, syntax, stylistics, and functional semantics in typological aspect
Learn about the tasks of comparative investigations in linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicon, and phraseology of related and non-related languages. Explore categorization in linguistics, comparative stylistics, and comparative lexicology.
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