Tanaman Berbiji 4.1: Akar

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Questions and Answers

Apa fungsinya lô khí yang ada di daun?

Memudahkan pertukaran gas dengan lingkungan (correct)

Nyimpan nutrisi buat pertumbuhan

Ngatur suhu daun biar tetap dingin

Nampung air buat fotosintesis

Bagian mana yang nyimpan banyak lục lạp dan bikin permukaan atas daun lebih hijau?

Mô xốp

Biểu bì

Lô khí

Mô giậu (correct)

Apa yang jadi ciri khas pada biểu bì daun bagian atas dibandingkan bawah?

Lebih tipis daripada biểu bì bawah

Punya lapisan cutin lebih tebal (correct)

Punya lebih banyak lô khí

Memiliki lebih banyak lục lạp

Kapan jumlah lapisan tế bào biểu bì bisa lebih dari satu?

Pada daun beberapa jenis cây Lẻ bạn dan Đa Signup and view all the answers

Mô xốp di daun berfungsi utama dalam apa?

Transpiration dan pertukaran gas Signup and view all the answers

Apa itu chồi nách dalam konteks tubuh pohon?

Ciri tumbuhnya cabang atau bunga Signup and view all the answers

Pembentukan bentuk tán pohon dipengaruhi oleh apa?

Cara cabang menyebar dan sudut antara batang dan cabang Signup and view all the answers

Apa peran utama dari chồi phụ pada pohon?

Berkembang menjadi batang atau cabang baru Signup and view all the answers

Apa yang dimaksud dengan mấu dalam pohon?

Posisi di mana daun menempel pada batang Signup and view all the answers

Apa yang terjadi jika chồi ngọn mati?

Chồi nách akan tumbuh lebih kuat Signup and view all the answers

Apa yang dimaksud dengan lóng pada batang tanaman?

Jarak antara dua mấu yang berurutan Signup and view all the answers

Apa bentuk umum dari thân chính pohon?

Berdiri tegak dan berbentuk silinder Signup and view all the answers

Apa jenis cara daun yang paling dasar di batang?

Daun tumbuh sejarang Signup and view all the answers

Apa yang dimaksud dengan satu siklus daun?

Jumlah putaran daun di sekeliling batang Signup and view all the answers

Daun dari jenis tumbuhan mana yang memiliki daunan berhadapan?

Caffeine Signup and view all the answers

Apa yang menjadi ciri khusus dari daun tumbuhan berhadapan?

Daun tidak pernah saling menutupi Signup and view all the answers

Apa bagian utama dari batang daun yang memiliki struktur simetris?

Cuong daun Signup and view all the answers

Bagaimana struktur dada daun biasanya di lapisan luar?

Rata atau sedikit cekung Signup and view all the answers

Apa fungsi dari lapisan jaringan tebal pada batang daun?

Memberi dukungan pada batang daun Signup and view all the answers

Siapa yang memiliki 3 atau lebih daun di setiap nodus?

Pohon bunga melati Signup and view all the answers

Bagaimana posisi dari pembuluh dalam jaringan daun?

Membentuk setengah lingkaran menghadap ke atas Signup and view all the answers

Apa yang dimaksud dengan 'libe' dalam struktur daun?

Jaringan pengantar makanan Signup and view all the answers

Apa fungsi utama dari biểu bì di thân cây Hai lá mầm?

Melindungi cây dari serangan hama Signup and view all the answers

Bagaimana struktur mào dày pada vỏ sơ cấp di thân cây Hai lá mầm?

Menjaga posisi dan memberi dukungan pada tanaman Signup and view all the answers

Apa yang terkandung dalam mô mềm vỏ di thân cây Hai lá mầm?

Ada klorofil, pati, protein dan lipid Signup and view all the answers

Apa karakteristik vỏ trụ di thân cây Hai lá mầm?

Sebelum benar-benar masak, bisa membentuk rễ Signup and view all the answers

Mengapa vỏ trong (nội bì) disebut juga vòng tỉnh bột?

Karena mengandung banyak pati Signup and view all the answers

Apa yang terjadi pada hệ thống dẫn di thân cây Hai lá mầm?

Mạch gỗ tumbuh dari luar ke dalam Signup and view all the answers

Apa peran utama dari mô mềm vỏ dalam thân cây Hai lá mầm?

Sangat membantu dalam fotosintesis Signup and view all the answers

Di mana letak vỏ xuất hiện di thân cây Hai lá mầm?

Setelah lapisan biểu bì Signup and view all the answers

Bagaimana bentuk penataan các bó dẫn di thân cây Hai lá mầm?

Bó dẫn tersusun berlapis dengan libe di luar Signup and view all the answers

Apa itu cuống lá?

Bagian yang menghubungkan daun ke batang Signup and view all the answers

Gimana bentuk gân lá yang khas untuk tanaman Một lá mầm?

Gân song song Signup and view all the answers

Apa fungsi dari lưỡi nhỏ pada daun?

Membantu daun menerima sinar matahari Signup and view all the answers

Apa ciri-ciri dari lá đơn răng cưa?

Tepi daun memiliki gigi tajam Signup and view all the answers

Apa jenis mép lá yang tidak terpotong?

Mép lá nguyên Signup and view all the answers

Mana dari berikut ini adalah ciri khas dari cây Hai lá mầm?

Gân hình mạng Signup and view all the answers

Lá kèm berfungsi untuk apa?

Melindungi tunas muda Signup and view all the answers

Apa yang terjadi dengan lá khi rụng?

Baik cuống dan phiến lá rụng bersamaan Signup and view all the answers

Apa maksud dari bè lá?

Bagian daun yang lebar dan melingkari batang Signup and view all the answers

Gân hình mạng có 2 loại, mana yang berikut ini adalah salah satunya?

Gân hình lông chim Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

4.1. PLANTS WITH SEED

Roots are the plant's nutrient organs; primarily absorbing water and dissolved minerals from the soil and transporting them to the shoot system (stem and leaves). They also anchor the plant and store nutrients. Roots never bear leaves, but may have buds.

4.1.1. Root Morphology

4.1.1.1. Types of Roots

Taproot system: Consists of a main, central root (primary root) with smaller lateral roots branching off.
Fibrous root system: Many small, equally sized roots grow from the base of the stem.

4.1.1.2. Parts of a Root

Root cap: The outermost layer of cells protecting the root apical meristem from damage during growth.
Meristematic region: It contains actively dividing cells responsible for the root's growth in length.
Elongation region: Cells in this region grow larger, pushing the root further into the soil.
Maturation region: Cells differentiate into various tissues such as vascular tissue for transport, and protective tissues.

4.1.1.3. Modified Roots

Storage roots: Swollen roots that store food reserves, like carrots and sweet potatoes.
Aerial roots: Roots that develop from the stem, branches, or leaves and protrude above the ground. They anchor plants, facilitate gaseous exchange, or perform other specialized functions.
Buttress roots: Roots that grow outward or horizontally from the trunk of the plant to support the weight of the plant.

4.2. STEM

The stem is the plant's above-ground support system, connecting the roots to the leaves, flowers, and fruits. It provides support to the plant and transports water, nutrients, and photosynthetic products. It also stores food reserves in some cases.
Types of stems include woody stems and herbaceous stems.

4.2.1. External Stem Morphology

4.2.1.1 Different Types of Stems

Woody: Perennial stems that persist for several years, often with a hard, rigid structure (example - Wood plant stem).
Herbaceous: Seasonal stems that die back after they fruit or flower. In other words, plants with hollow soft stems (example - Bean plant).

4.2.1.2 Stem Parts

Node: A point on the stem where leaves or branches attach.
Internode: The part of the stem between two nodes.
Axillary bud: A bud that develops in the angle between a leaf and the stem.
Terminal bud: A bud located at the tip of the stem, often responsible for the main stem's growth.
Branch: A woody extension of the main stem.
Axillary bud: A potential site for the formation of a new branch or leaf.
Bud: An embryonic structure that has the potential to develop into a new shoot, leaf, or flower.
Lenticels: Small pores found on the bark of stems, allowing for gas exchange.
Girdles: Bands that appear in older stems.

4.3 LEAVES

Leaves are the principal photosynthetic organs of plants; They capture sunlight, convert it into energy, and synthesize food. They also contribute to gas exchange, and sometimes water loss.
Leaf size, shape, arrangement, venation, colour, and textures may vary based on species and environmental factors.

4.3.1 Leaf External Structures

Blade: The expanded, flattened part of the leaf where most photosynthesis takes place.
Petiole: The stalk or stem that connects the leaf blade to the stem or branch.
Vein: Vascular bundles that run through the leaf delivering water, nutrients, and transporting products of photosynthesis.
Margin (edge): The outer boundary or outline of the leaf.
Apex (tip): The very tip or apex of the leaf.

4.3.2 Leaf Arrangement

Alternate: One leaf per node, leaves are arranged in an alternating pattern.
Opposite: Two leaves growing from opposite sides of the stem.
Whorled: More than two leaves growing from the same point.

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Description

Quiz ini mencakup topik akar tanaman yang berbiji, termasuk morfologi akar dan jenis-jenis akar. Kami akan membahas bagian-bagian akar dan fungsinya dalam sistem tanaman. Ayo uji pengetahuan kamu tentang akar!