Lecture 21D
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What is the primary function of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?

  • Promote multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells
  • Activate memory cells in cellular immunity
  • Destroy diseased or foreign cells directly
  • Limit immune response by inhibiting multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells (correct)

    • What type of immunity involves T lymphocytes directly attacking and destroying diseased or foreign cells?

  • Cellular immunity (correct)
  • Passive immunity
  • Humoral immunity
  • Innate immunity

    • What is the role of Memory T (TM) cells in the immune system?

  • Activate co-stimulation for T cell activation
  • Inhibit the immune response by suppressing T cell activation
  • Destroy antigens directly to prevent infection
  • Recognize antigens and prevent them from causing disease in the future (correct)

    • What is the function of Antigen presenting cells (APC) in the immune response?

    <p>Recognize antigens displayed on MHC proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cells are activated by interaction with an MHC-I displayed antigen?

    <p>Cytotoxic T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves the encounter, processing, and presentation of an antigen by an APC to T cells?

    <p>Antigen presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a T cell binds to an MHC protein displaying an epitope it recognizes?

    <p>Clonal selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are T lymphocytes (T cells) born?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells test T cells by presenting self-antigens to them in the thymus?

    <p>Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the thymus?

    <p>Thymosins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Helper T (TH) cells?

    <p>Promote TC cell and B cell action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells?

    <p>2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens?

    <p>Attack one's own tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage comes after the deployment of naive T cells from the thymus?

    <p>Colonization of lymphatic tissues and organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of T cells are the 'effectors' of cellular immunity?

    <p>Cytotoxic T (TC) cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?

    <p>Limit immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity involves T lymphocytes directly attacking and destroying diseased or foreign cells?

    <p>Cellular immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Memory T (TM) cells in the immune system?

    <p>Responsible for memory in cellular immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the thymus?

    <p>Co-stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens?

    <p>It undergoes apoptosis (cell death)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a T cell binds to an MHC protein displaying an epitope it recognizes?

    <p>Clonal selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage comes after the deployment of naive T cells from the thymus?

    <p>Antigen presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Helper T (TH) cells in the immune system?

    <p>Promote the action of Killer T (TC) cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens?

    <p>It would attack one's own tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do Naive T cells go after leaving the thymus?

    <p>Lymphatic tissues and organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Cytotoxic T (TC) cells in the immune system?

    <p>Carry out attacks on infected or abnormal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells test T cells by presenting self-antigens to them in the thymus?

    <p>Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells?

    <p>2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the thymus?

    <p>Thymosins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of T cells that fail the test due to inability to recognize self-antigens (positive selection)?

    <p>They are incapable of recognizing foreign attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    _______ T cells inhibit multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells

    <p>Regulatory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    _______ T cells are responsible for memory in cellular immunity

    <p>Memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ________ immunity is a form of specific defense in which the T lymphocytes directly attack and destroy diseased or foreign cells

    <p>Cellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Antigen presenting cells are required for ________ presentation

    <p>Antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    MHC-I presents antigens to ________ T cells

    <p>Cytotoxic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    MHC-II presents antigens to ________ T cells

    <p>Helper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T cell activation involves binding to MHC displaying an epitope that it ________

    <p>recognizes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T lymphocytes (T cells) life history involves three stages and three anatomical stations in the body – Born in the red bone marrow Dorn – Go to school in the ____________ school – Deployed to the lymphatic organs work

    <p>thymus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thymosins stimulate maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors, making them ____________ receptor

    <p>immunocompetent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells in the thymus test T cells by presenting self-antigens to them, acting as the final ____________

    <p>exam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inability to recognize the RE cells, especially their MHC antigens, results in ____________ selection

    <p>positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reacting to self-antigens leads to ____________ selection of T cells

    <p>negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    2% of the T cells that reach the thymus leave as ____________ T cells

    <p>immunocompetent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Naive T cells leave the thymus and colonize lymphatic tissues and organs, becoming cells of cellular ____________

    <p>immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cytotoxic T (TC) cells are known as the 'Effectors' of cellular ____________

    <p>immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T lymphocytes are born in the red bone marrow

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thymosins stimulate T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the spleen

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells present self-antigens to test T cells in the thymus

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Naive T cells leave the thymus and colonize lymphatic tissues and organs throughout the body

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cytotoxic T cells are known as 'Effectors' of cellular immunity

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Helper T cells promote B cell action and nonspecific immunity

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Less than 2% of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Memory T cells are activated by interaction with MHC-II displayed antigens

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Memory T cells are responsible for memory in humoral immunity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Antigen presenting cells migrate to the nearest lymph node and present antigens to B cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cytotoxic T cells are activated by interaction with MHC-II displayed antigens.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clonal selection is a process that occurs during T cell activation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Memory cells have a primary function of inhibiting multiplication of other T cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Antigen presentation involves an APC encountering, processing, and presenting an antigen to T cells.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Helper T cells are activated by co-stimulation during T cell activation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?

    <p>Inhibit multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Memory T (TM) cells in the immune system?

    <p>Responsible for memory in cellular immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immunity involves T lymphocytes directly attacking and destroying diseased or foreign cells?

    <p>Cellular immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that occurs when a T cell binds to an MHC protein displaying an epitope it recognizes?

    <p>Clonal selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are T lymphocytes (T cells) born?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens in the thymus?

    <p>Apoptosis (cell death)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Memory' T cells are responsible for:

    <p>Recalling specific antigens for future immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Helper T (TH) cells in the immune system?

    <p>Support TC cell action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome if a T cell reacts to self-antigens during testing in the thymus?

    <p>Negative selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do naive T cells go after leaving the thymus?

    <p>Lymphatic tissues and organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during positive selection in the thymus?

    <p>Recognition of RE cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of 2% of T cells reaching immunocompetence in the thymus?

    <p>Shows efficiency of thymic education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?

    <p>Suppress autoimmune reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical station do T cells go to after being 'born' in the red bone marrow?

    <p>Thymus school</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Cytotoxic T (TC) cells in cellular immunity?

    <p>'Effector' role by attacking diseased cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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