Lecture 21D

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?

  • Promote multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells
  • Activate memory cells in cellular immunity
  • Destroy diseased or foreign cells directly
  • Limit immune response by inhibiting multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells (correct)

What type of immunity involves T lymphocytes directly attacking and destroying diseased or foreign cells?

  • Cellular immunity (correct)
  • Passive immunity
  • Humoral immunity
  • Innate immunity

What is the role of Memory T (TM) cells in the immune system?

  • Activate co-stimulation for T cell activation
  • Inhibit the immune response by suppressing T cell activation
  • Destroy antigens directly to prevent infection
  • Recognize antigens and prevent them from causing disease in the future (correct)

What is the function of Antigen presenting cells (APC) in the immune response?

<p>Recognize antigens displayed on MHC proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of T cells are activated by interaction with an MHC-I displayed antigen?

<p>Cytotoxic T cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the encounter, processing, and presentation of an antigen by an APC to T cells?

<p>Antigen presentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a T cell binds to an MHC protein displaying an epitope it recognizes?

<p>Clonal selection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are T lymphocytes (T cells) born?

<p>Bone marrow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells test T cells by presenting self-antigens to them in the thymus?

<p>Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the thymus?

<p>Thymosins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Helper T (TH) cells?

<p>Promote TC cell and B cell action (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells?

<p>2% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens?

<p>Attack one's own tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage comes after the deployment of naive T cells from the thymus?

<p>Colonization of lymphatic tissues and organs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of T cells are the 'effectors' of cellular immunity?

<p>Cytotoxic T (TC) cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?

<p>Limit immune response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity involves T lymphocytes directly attacking and destroying diseased or foreign cells?

<p>Cellular immunity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Memory T (TM) cells in the immune system?

<p>Responsible for memory in cellular immunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the thymus?

<p>Co-stimulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens?

<p>It undergoes apoptosis (cell death) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a T cell binds to an MHC protein displaying an epitope it recognizes?

<p>Clonal selection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage comes after the deployment of naive T cells from the thymus?

<p>Antigen presentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Helper T (TH) cells in the immune system?

<p>Promote the action of Killer T (TC) cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens?

<p>It would attack one's own tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do Naive T cells go after leaving the thymus?

<p>Lymphatic tissues and organs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Cytotoxic T (TC) cells in the immune system?

<p>Carry out attacks on infected or abnormal cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells test T cells by presenting self-antigens to them in the thymus?

<p>Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells?

<p>2% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the thymus?

<p>Thymosins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of T cells that fail the test due to inability to recognize self-antigens (positive selection)?

<p>They are incapable of recognizing foreign attacks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______ T cells inhibit multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells

<p>Regulatory</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______ T cells are responsible for memory in cellular immunity

<p>Memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

________ immunity is a form of specific defense in which the T lymphocytes directly attack and destroy diseased or foreign cells

<p>Cellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

Antigen presenting cells are required for ________ presentation

<p>Antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

MHC-I presents antigens to ________ T cells

<p>Cytotoxic</p> Signup and view all the answers

MHC-II presents antigens to ________ T cells

<p>Helper</p> Signup and view all the answers

T cell activation involves binding to MHC displaying an epitope that it ________

<p>recognizes</p> Signup and view all the answers

T lymphocytes (T cells) life history involves three stages and three anatomical stations in the body – Born in the red bone marrow Dorn – Go to school in the ____________ school – Deployed to the lymphatic organs work

<p>thymus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thymosins stimulate maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors, making them ____________ receptor

<p>immunocompetent</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells in the thymus test T cells by presenting self-antigens to them, acting as the final ____________

<p>exam</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inability to recognize the RE cells, especially their MHC antigens, results in ____________ selection

<p>positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reacting to self-antigens leads to ____________ selection of T cells

<p>negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

2% of the T cells that reach the thymus leave as ____________ T cells

<p>immunocompetent</p> Signup and view all the answers

Naive T cells leave the thymus and colonize lymphatic tissues and organs, becoming cells of cellular ____________

<p>immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cytotoxic T (TC) cells are known as the 'Effectors' of cellular ____________

<p>immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

T lymphocytes are born in the red bone marrow

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thymosins stimulate T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the spleen

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells present self-antigens to test T cells in the thymus

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Naive T cells leave the thymus and colonize lymphatic tissues and organs throughout the body

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cytotoxic T cells are known as 'Effectors' of cellular immunity

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Helper T cells promote B cell action and nonspecific immunity

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Less than 2% of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Memory T cells are activated by interaction with MHC-II displayed antigens

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Memory T cells are responsible for memory in humoral immunity.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Antigen presenting cells migrate to the nearest lymph node and present antigens to B cells.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cytotoxic T cells are activated by interaction with MHC-II displayed antigens.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Clonal selection is a process that occurs during T cell activation.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Memory cells have a primary function of inhibiting multiplication of other T cells.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Antigen presentation involves an APC encountering, processing, and presenting an antigen to T cells.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Helper T cells are activated by co-stimulation during T cell activation.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?

<p>Inhibit multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Memory T (TM) cells in the immune system?

<p>Responsible for memory in cellular immunity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity involves T lymphocytes directly attacking and destroying diseased or foreign cells?

<p>Cellular immunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that occurs when a T cell binds to an MHC protein displaying an epitope it recognizes?

<p>Clonal selection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are T lymphocytes (T cells) born?

<p>Bone marrow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens in the thymus?

<p>Apoptosis (cell death) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Memory' T cells are responsible for:

<p>Recalling specific antigens for future immune responses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Helper T (TH) cells in the immune system?

<p>Support TC cell action (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome if a T cell reacts to self-antigens during testing in the thymus?

<p>Negative selection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do naive T cells go after leaving the thymus?

<p>Lymphatic tissues and organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during positive selection in the thymus?

<p>Recognition of RE cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 2% of T cells reaching immunocompetence in the thymus?

<p>Shows efficiency of thymic education (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?

<p>Suppress autoimmune reactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical station do T cells go to after being 'born' in the red bone marrow?

<p>Thymus school (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Cytotoxic T (TC) cells in cellular immunity?

<p>'Effector' role by attacking diseased cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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