75 Questions
What is the primary function of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?
Limit immune response by inhibiting multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells
What type of immunity involves T lymphocytes directly attacking and destroying diseased or foreign cells?
Cellular immunity
What is the role of Memory T (TM) cells in the immune system?
Recognize antigens and prevent them from causing disease in the future
What is the function of Antigen presenting cells (APC) in the immune response?
Recognize antigens displayed on MHC proteins
Which type of T cells are activated by interaction with an MHC-I displayed antigen?
Cytotoxic T cells
What process involves the encounter, processing, and presentation of an antigen by an APC to T cells?
Antigen presentation
What occurs when a T cell binds to an MHC protein displaying an epitope it recognizes?
Clonal selection
Where are T lymphocytes (T cells) born?
Bone marrow
Which cells test T cells by presenting self-antigens to them in the thymus?
Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells
What stimulates maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the thymus?
Thymosins
What is the function of Helper T (TH) cells?
Promote TC cell and B cell action
What percentage of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells?
2%
What would happen if a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens?
Attack one's own tissues
Which stage comes after the deployment of naive T cells from the thymus?
Colonization of lymphatic tissues and organs
What type of T cells are the 'effectors' of cellular immunity?
Cytotoxic T (TC) cells
What is the primary function of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?
Limit immune response
What type of immunity involves T lymphocytes directly attacking and destroying diseased or foreign cells?
Cellular immunity
What is the role of Memory T (TM) cells in the immune system?
Responsible for memory in cellular immunity
What stimulates maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the thymus?
Co-stimulation
What would happen if a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens?
It undergoes apoptosis (cell death)
What occurs when a T cell binds to an MHC protein displaying an epitope it recognizes?
Clonal selection
Which stage comes after the deployment of naive T cells from the thymus?
Antigen presentation
What is the role of Helper T (TH) cells in the immune system?
Promote the action of Killer T (TC) cells
What happens when a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens?
It would attack one's own tissues
Where do Naive T cells go after leaving the thymus?
Lymphatic tissues and organs
What is the primary function of Cytotoxic T (TC) cells in the immune system?
Carry out attacks on infected or abnormal cells
Which cells test T cells by presenting self-antigens to them in the thymus?
Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells
What percentage of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells?
2%
What stimulates maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the thymus?
Thymosins
What is the fate of T cells that fail the test due to inability to recognize self-antigens (positive selection)?
They are incapable of recognizing foreign attacks
_______ T cells inhibit multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells
Regulatory
_______ T cells are responsible for memory in cellular immunity
Memory
________ immunity is a form of specific defense in which the T lymphocytes directly attack and destroy diseased or foreign cells
Cellular
Antigen presenting cells are required for ________ presentation
Antigen
MHC-I presents antigens to ________ T cells
Cytotoxic
MHC-II presents antigens to ________ T cells
Helper
T cell activation involves binding to MHC displaying an epitope that it ________
recognizes
T lymphocytes (T cells) life history involves three stages and three anatomical stations in the body – Born in the red bone marrow Dorn – Go to school in the ____________ school – Deployed to the lymphatic organs work
thymus
Thymosins stimulate maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors, making them ____________ receptor
immunocompetent
Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells in the thymus test T cells by presenting self-antigens to them, acting as the final ____________
exam
Inability to recognize the RE cells, especially their MHC antigens, results in ____________ selection
positive
Reacting to self-antigens leads to ____________ selection of T cells
negative
2% of the T cells that reach the thymus leave as ____________ T cells
immunocompetent
Naive T cells leave the thymus and colonize lymphatic tissues and organs, becoming cells of cellular ____________
immunity
Cytotoxic T (TC) cells are known as the 'Effectors' of cellular ____________
immunity
T lymphocytes are born in the red bone marrow
True
Thymosins stimulate T cells to develop surface antigen receptors in the spleen
False
Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells present self-antigens to test T cells in the thymus
True
Naive T cells leave the thymus and colonize lymphatic tissues and organs throughout the body
True
Cytotoxic T cells are known as 'Effectors' of cellular immunity
True
Helper T cells promote B cell action and nonspecific immunity
False
Less than 2% of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells
False
Memory T cells are activated by interaction with MHC-II displayed antigens
False
Memory T cells are responsible for memory in humoral immunity.
False
Antigen presenting cells migrate to the nearest lymph node and present antigens to B cells.
False
Cytotoxic T cells are activated by interaction with MHC-II displayed antigens.
False
Clonal selection is a process that occurs during T cell activation.
True
Memory cells have a primary function of inhibiting multiplication of other T cells.
False
Antigen presentation involves an APC encountering, processing, and presenting an antigen to T cells.
True
Helper T cells are activated by co-stimulation during T cell activation.
True
What is the primary function of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?
Inhibit multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells
What is the role of Memory T (TM) cells in the immune system?
Responsible for memory in cellular immunity
Which type of immunity involves T lymphocytes directly attacking and destroying diseased or foreign cells?
Cellular immunity
What is the process that occurs when a T cell binds to an MHC protein displaying an epitope it recognizes?
Clonal selection
Where are T lymphocytes (T cells) born?
Bone marrow
What occurs when a T cell fails the test by reacting to self-antigens in the thymus?
Apoptosis (cell death)
'Memory' T cells are responsible for:
Recalling specific antigens for future immune responses
What is the primary function of Helper T (TH) cells in the immune system?
Support TC cell action
What is the outcome if a T cell reacts to self-antigens during testing in the thymus?
Negative selection
Where do naive T cells go after leaving the thymus?
Lymphatic tissues and organs
What occurs during positive selection in the thymus?
Recognition of RE cells
What is the significance of 2% of T cells reaching immunocompetence in the thymus?
Shows efficiency of thymic education
What is the primary role of Regulatory T (TR) cells in the immune system?
Suppress autoimmune reactions
Which anatomical station do T cells go to after being 'born' in the red bone marrow?
Thymus school
What is the main function of Cytotoxic T (TC) cells in cellular immunity?
'Effector' role by attacking diseased cells
Explore the role of Regulatory T (T-reg) cells in inhibiting multiplication and cytokine secretion by other T cells, and Memory T (TM) cells responsible for memory in cellular immunity. Learn about cell-mediated immunity where T lymphocytes attack and destroy diseased or foreign cells, while the immune system remembers antigens to prevent future diseases.
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