T Lymphocytes and Adaptive Immune Response
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of CD8+ Tc cells in the immune response?

  • To activate macrophages and stimulate the production of ROS and NOS
  • To mediate anti-parasitic responses and allergic reactions
  • To activate B cells and provide co-stimulatory signals
  • To directly kill cells infected with pathogens in the cytosol (correct)

    • What type of T cells respond to pathogens in the cytosol of target cells?

  • Th2 cells
  • CD4+ T cells
  • Th1 cells
  • CD8+ Tc cells (correct)

    • What is the primary function of Th1 cells in the immune response?

  • To mediate anti-parasitic responses and allergic reactions
  • To activate macrophages and stimulate the production of ROS and NOS (correct)
  • To activate B cells and provide co-stimulatory signals
  • To directly kill cells infected with pathogens in the cytosol

    • What type of MHC proteins do CD4+ T cells bind to?

    <p>Class II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pathogens can B cells recognise?

    <p>Soluble and extracellular pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of MHC Class I proteins?

    <p>To display peptides from cytosolic proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of T cells bind to MHC Class I proteins?

    <p>CD8+ T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Th2 cells in the immune response?

    <p>To mediate anti-parasitic responses and allergic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do T cells recognise through their TCR?

    <p>MHC proteins with peptide fragments derived from self- and non-self proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of T lymphocytes in the immune response?

    <p>To mediate cell-mediated immunity through cytokine production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cells activate macrophages and allow uptake of pathogens by phagocytosis?

    <p>Th1 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of CD4+ Th2 cells in the immune response?

    <p>Mediating anti-parasitic response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do MHC Class II proteins typically display on the cell surface?

    <p>Peptide fragments from vesicular proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cells are responsible for killing infected cells directly?

    <p>CD8+ Tc cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of MHC proteins in the immune response?

    <p>Displaying peptide fragments for T cell recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune cells primarily express MHC Class II proteins?

    <p>Macrophages, dendritic cells, and activated B cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the functions of MHC Class I and II proteins?

    <p>MHC Class I displays peptides from cytosolic proteins, while MHC Class II displays peptides from vesicular proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of T cell activation in the immune response?

    <p>Elimination of infected cells and pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune response is mediated by CD4+ Th2 cells?

    <p>Anti-parasitic response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common feature of T cells that recognize intracellular pathogens?

    <p>Binding to MHC Class I proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    T Lymphocytes

    • Cell-mediated arm of the adaptive immune response
    • Consists of different populations, including:
      • CD4+ (Helper T cells: Th1, Th2, TFH)
      • CD8+ (Cytotoxic T cells: Tc, CTL)

    CD8+ Tc Cells

    • Cytotoxic and kill cells directly
    • Respond to pathogens in the cytosol of target cells
    • Prevent the spread of infection by inducing programmed cell death (apoptosis)

    Th1 Cells

    • Helper T cells / inflammatory T cells
    • Activate macrophages and allow uptake of pathogens by phagocytosis
    • Stimulate production of ROS and NOS
    • Mediate destruction of pathogens ingested by macrophages

    Th2 Cells

    • Helper T cells
    • Mediate anti-parasitic response
    • Mediate allergic reactions
    • Activate B cells (provide co-stimulatory signal)

    T Cell Binding

    • Bind to Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) proteins
    • 2 classes of MHC protein: Class I and II
    • Class I:
      • Expressed by all nucleated body cells
      • CD8+ T cells (Tc) bind MHC Class I proteins
      • Display peptides from cytosolic proteins
    • Class II:
      • Expressed by selected immune cells (macrophages, dendritic cells, activated B cells)
      • CD4+ T cells (Th1/Th2/TFH) bind MHC Class II proteins
      • Display peptides from vesicular proteins

    T Lymphocytes

    • Cell-mediated arm of the adaptive immune response
    • Consists of different populations, including:
      • CD4+ (Helper T cells: Th1, Th2, TFH)
      • CD8+ (Cytotoxic T cells: Tc, CTL)

    CD8+ Tc Cells

    • Cytotoxic and kill cells directly
    • Respond to pathogens in the cytosol of target cells
    • Prevent the spread of infection by inducing programmed cell death (apoptosis)

    Th1 Cells

    • Helper T cells / inflammatory T cells
    • Activate macrophages and allow uptake of pathogens by phagocytosis
    • Stimulate production of ROS and NOS
    • Mediate destruction of pathogens ingested by macrophages

    Th2 Cells

    • Helper T cells
    • Mediate anti-parasitic response
    • Mediate allergic reactions
    • Activate B cells (provide co-stimulatory signal)

    T Cell Binding

    • Bind to Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) proteins
    • 2 classes of MHC protein: Class I and II
    • Class I:
      • Expressed by all nucleated body cells
      • CD8+ T cells (Tc) bind MHC Class I proteins
      • Display peptides from cytosolic proteins
    • Class II:
      • Expressed by selected immune cells (macrophages, dendritic cells, activated B cells)
      • CD4+ T cells (Th1/Th2/TFH) bind MHC Class II proteins
      • Display peptides from vesicular proteins

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    Related Documents

    T Lymphocytes PDF

    Description

    Learn about the cell-mediated arm of the adaptive immune response, including different populations of T lymphocytes such as CD4+, CD8+, Helper T cells, and Cytotoxic T cells. Understand their functions and roles in immune response.

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