LECTURE 11 multiple chocie quiz- immunology
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of CD4 or CD8 co-receptor in the T cell intracellular signaling pathway?

  • Enhances the stability of TCR-MHC-peptide interaction (correct)
  • Inhibits TCR-MHC-peptide interaction
  • Halts transcription factor activation
  • Triggers activation of CTLs

    • What initiates the formation of an increasingly stable immune synapse in the T cell signaling pathway?

  • CD4 or CD8 co-receptor binding
  • Activation of transcription factors
  • CD4/CD8-associated Lck phosphorylation
  • TCR binding to MHC-peptide complex (correct)

    • Which proteins act as recruitment sites for other signaling proteins once phosphorylated in the T cell intracellular signaling pathway?

  • TCR-MHC complexes
  • CD4/CD8-associated Lck
  • P-Tyr residues on CD3 & zeta chains (correct)
  • Ligands

    • What is the main function of the immune synapse in coordinating immune responses?

    <p>Ensuring specific target cell killing by CTLs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event occurs first in the T cell intracellular signal pathway?

    <p>TCR binding specific peptide-MHC complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which components make up the TCR complex?

    <p>TCR, two CD3 heterodimers, zeta homodimer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the TCR itself?

    <p>Alpha and beta chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the TCR complex serves as a sensor for the T cell?

    <p>TCR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the TCR is the most variable and critical for antigen recognition?

    <p>Hypervariable Complementarity-Determining Region (CDR) loops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates signaling in the TCR complex upon binding to MHC presenting an antigen peptide?

    <p>Binding of TCR to the antigen peptide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the TCR complex contains ITAMs in their cytoplasmic tails?

    <p>CD3 and zeta chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonds contribute to the stability and proper folding of the TCR chains?

    <p>Disulfide Bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain is characteristic of proteins in the immunoglobulin superfamily and is involved in antigen recognition?

    <p>Immunoglobulin (Ig) Domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure enables T cells to recognize a wide range of antigens and initiate immune responses?

    <p>Hypervariable Complementarity-Determining Region (CDR) loops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the TCR complex in signal transduction?

    <p>Transduce signal from MHC/antigen binding to T cell activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is primarily expressed on CD4+ T cells and serves as a co-receptor for helper T lymphocytes?

    <p>CD4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of CD8 as a co-receptor in T cells?

    <p>Stabilizing the TCR-MHC-peptide complex interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells primarily express CD8 as a co-receptor?

    <p>Cytotoxic T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of CD4 in the context of T cell activation?

    <p>Stabilizing the interaction of TCR with MHC-peptide complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a CD4+ T cell encounters an antigen-presenting cell displaying a peptide bound to class II MHC molecules, what does the CD4 co-receptor bind to?

    <p>Region of the MHC molecule outside the peptide-binding groove</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of CD8 co-receptor in T cell activation?

    <p>Stabilizes the interaction between TCR and MHC-peptide complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules do CD8 co-receptors bind to during T cell activation?

    <p>Class I MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key defining feature of CD4+ helper T cells?

    <p>Express CD4 co-receptors on their surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do CD4 and CD8 co-receptors contribute to T cell activation?

    <p>By enhancing interactions between TCR and MHC-peptide complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules are recognized by TCRs on T cells?

    <p>Peptide antigens presented by MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the TCR with respect to chains?

    <p>1 α chain and 1 β chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the TCR is responsible for recognizing specific antigens?

    <p>Hypervariable Complementarity-Determining Region (CDR) loops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of the TCR when considering the heterodimer formation?

    <p>Heterodimer structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event leads to the formation of an increasingly stable immune synapse in the T cell signaling pathway?

    <p>TCR-CD8 co-receptor interaction with MHC antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of CD4 and CD8 co-receptors in the T cell signaling pathway?

    <p>Recognition of specific antigens presented by MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein kinase phosphorylates tyrosine residues within the ITAMs upon TCR engagement?

    <p>ZAP-70</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of phosphorylated tyrosine residues within the ITAMs in the TCR signaling pathway?

    <p>Activate transcription factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Following activation of transcription factors, what is the next step in the T cell signal pathway cascade?

    <p>Initiation of gene transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transcription factor is NOT activated by the downstream signaling proteins in the TCR signaling pathway?

    <p>STAT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of phosphorylated tyrosine residues within the ITAMs in recruiting other signaling proteins?

    <p>Serve as docking sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules translocate to the nucleus and bind to specific DNA sequences in the T cell signal pathway?

    <p>Transcription factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the expressed proteins contribute to in the T cell signal pathway?

    <p>T cell activation and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins initiate a signaling cascade that amplifies and propagates the TCR signaling pathway?

    <p>Lck and ZAP-70 kinases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event follows the binding of TCR and co-receptor to MHC antigen in the formation of an immune synapse?

    <p>Induction of T cell activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ZAP-70 in the T cell intracellular signaling pathway?

    <p>Phosphorylates tyrosine residues within ITAMs</p> Signup and view all the answers

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