Cell Signaling Pathways: G-Protein Activation and Secondary Messengers
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Questions and Answers

What are the two modes of induction mentioned in the text?

  • Informative and Directive
  • Instructive and Situational
  • Permissive and Coercive
  • Permissive and Instructive (correct)

    • In permissive induction, what is required for genes to be expressed?

  • High cellular metabolism
  • Physical contact with other cells
  • Specific gene markers
  • Proper environment (correct)

    • What is the role of Laminin in embryonic development?

  • Substrate adhesion molecule (correct)
  • Transcription factor
  • Metabolic enzyme
  • Cell cycle regulator

    • Where can cascades of induction/reciprocal interactions be observed according to the text?

    <p>Mouse Lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does instructive induction require for the genes to be specified?

    <p>A signal from the inducing cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do embryonic cells commit to their developmental pathway in permissive induction?

    <p>By waiting for the go-signal of information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for the competence of dorsal ectoderm?

    <p>Pax6 protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the optic vesicle is removed?

    <p>No lens is induced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins further activate the Sox2 & Sox3 genes as inductive signals?

    <p>BMP4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if tissue other than the optic vesicle is implanted?

    <p>No induction occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of interactions can lead to cellular responses at the cytoplasmic level according to the text?

    <p>Cell-to-cell signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Phospholipase C in signal transduction?

    <p>Cleaves phosphorylated molecules into diacylglycerol and inositol triphosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of inositol triphosphate (IP3) in signal transduction?

    <p>Activates the release of calcium ions from the endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does calcium contribute to signal transduction?

    <p>Acts as a secondary messenger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines embryonic cell competence?

    <p>The ability of a cell/tissue to respond to a specific inductive signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can embryonic cell competence be established?

    <p>Synthesizing new membrane receptors and repressing inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do secondary messengers play in embryonic cell signaling?

    <p>Triggering the next step of signaling transduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

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