ITM100 CHAPTER 13 QUIZ

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of analyzing existing business processes?

To identify redundant steps and inefficiencies

What is the next step after designing a new process?

Implement the new process

Why are new information systems or enhancements sometimes implemented?

To support the redesigned process

What is the purpose of continuous measurement of a process?

To ensure it is continually optimized Signup and view all the answers

What do end users provide for a system?

Business information requirements Signup and view all the answers

What may extensive customization of software packages lead to?

Increased costs and time Signup and view all the answers

What does systems analysis for application software packages involve?

Formal evaluation by end users and information systems specialists Signup and view all the answers

What is often involved in software package evaluation?

A detailed list of questions submitted to software vendors through a request for proposal (RFP) Signup and view all the answers

What is an alternative to using internal resources for information systems development and operation?

Outsourcing to external organizations Signup and view all the answers

What drives domestic outsourcing?

Possession of skills, resources, and assets that the client does not have Signup and view all the answers

What often drives offshore outsourcing decisions?

Cost-driven factors Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of offshore outsourcing?

Cost savings, rapid and flexible response to change, and focus on producing working software Signup and view all the answers

What have become essential in agile development practices?

Continuous testing and automated testing tools Signup and view all the answers

What does DevOps emphasize?

Collaboration between development and operations groups Signup and view all the answers

What does the direct cutover strategy involve?

Replacing the old system entirely with the new system on an appointed day Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the pilot study strategy?

Introducing the new system to a limited area of the organization before being implemented throughout the rest of the organization Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the phased approach strategy?

Introducing the new system in stages, either by functions or by organizational units Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for the successful transition to a new system?

End-user training and detailed documentation Signup and view all the answers

What does prototyping involve?

Building an experimental system for end users to evaluate Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps of prototyping?

Identifying user requirements, developing an initial prototype, using the prototype, and revising and enhancing the prototype based on user feedback Signup and view all the answers

When is prototyping most useful?

When there is uncertainty about requirements or design solutions and encourages intense end-user involvement Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of rapid prototyping?

Overlooking essential steps in systems development Signup and view all the answers

What can contribute to system failure during development?

Lack of proper training and documentation Signup and view all the answers

What does Figure 13.2 illustrate?

The 'as-is' process for purchasing a book from a physical bookstore Signup and view all the answers

When may the direct cutover strategy be more costly?

If serious problems with the new system are found Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a written systems proposal report?

To describe the costs and benefits of each alternative solution Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of the phased approach strategy?

Allowing for a smoother transition Signup and view all the answers

What is a leading cause of systems failure and high systems development costs?

Faulty requirements analysis Signup and view all the answers

What does systems design describe?

What a system should do to meet information requirements Signup and view all the answers

What drives the entire system-building effort?

User information requirements Signup and view all the answers

What is a major cause of system failure?

Insufficient user involvement in the design effort Signup and view all the answers

What determines the superiority of a system's design?

The ease and efficiency with which the system fulfills user requirements within specific constraints Signup and view all the answers

What does establishing information requirements involve?

Defining who needs what information, where, when, and how Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of management measuring the time and cost of the existing process as a baseline?

To identify several alternative solutions Signup and view all the answers

What does the design of an information system consist of?

All the specifications that give the system its form and structure Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenging task for the systems analyst?

Establishing information requirements Signup and view all the answers

What is addressed by alternative systems development methods?

User participation Signup and view all the answers

What does system testing consist of?

Unit testing, system testing, and acceptance testing Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the parallel strategy in conversion?

To ensure the new system functions correctly Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the test plan devised by the systems development team?

Various conditions to be tested, the requirements for each condition tested, and the expected results Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of acceptance testing?

To provide the final certification that the system is ready for production Signup and view all the answers

What does the systematic test plan for system testing require?

Input from both end users and information systems specialists Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cloud computing services in testing information systems?

They are increasingly used for testing information systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of conversion in the systems development process?

Changing from the old system to the new system Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of unit testing in the systems development process?

Testing each program separately in the system to locate errors and correct them Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the test plan in system testing?

To prepare for the series of tests and define testing conditions and expected results Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of acceptance testing in the systems development process?

It provides the final certification that the system is ready for production Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Systems Analysis and Design: Key Concepts and Processes

Figure 13.2 illustrates the "as-is" process for purchasing a book from a physical bookstore, involving multiple steps and potential inconvenience for the customer.
Figure 13.3 demonstrates how the book-purchasing process can be redesigned using the Internet, resulting in a more efficient and time-saving process with fewer steps.
Management measures the time and cost of the existing process as a baseline and identifies several alternative solutions during the systems analysis process.
A written systems proposal report describes the costs and benefits of each alternative, and management determines the most desirable alternative based on a mix of costs, benefits, technical features, and organizational impacts.
Establishing information requirements involves defining who needs what information, where, when, and how, and is a challenging task for the systems analyst.
Faulty requirements analysis is a leading cause of systems failure and high systems development costs.
Systems analysis may be required to diagnose and provide solutions for information-related problems within an organization.
Systems design describes what a system should do to meet information requirements, and systems design shows how the system will fulfill this objective.
The design of an information system consists of all the specifications that give the system its form and structure, addressing managerial, organizational, and technological components.
User information requirements drive the entire system-building effort, and insufficient user involvement in the design effort is a major cause of system failure.
Working on design increases users' understanding and acceptance of the system, and user participation is addressed by alternative systems development methods.
The ease and efficiency with which a system fulfills user requirements within specific constraints determines the superiority of its design.

Systems Development Process and System Testing

The systems development process involves several steps, including programming, testing, conversion, production, and maintenance.
During the programming stage, system specifications from the design stage are translated into software program code.
Thorough testing is crucial to ensure that the system produces the desired results under known conditions, and it consists of unit testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.
Unit testing involves testing each program separately in the system to locate errors and correct them.
System testing tests the functioning of the information system as a whole, examining areas such as performance time and recovery capabilities.
Acceptance testing provides the final certification that the system is ready for production and is evaluated by users and reviewed by management.
Cloud computing services are increasingly used for testing information systems.
Conversion is the process of changing from the old system to the new system and can be done using four main strategies: parallel, direct cutover, pilot study, and phased approach.
The parallel strategy involves running both the old and new systems together for a period to ensure the new system functions correctly, but it is expensive and requires additional resources.
A systematic test plan is devised by the systems development team to prepare for the series of tests, which includes input from both end users and information systems specialists.
The test plan includes the various conditions to be tested, the requirements for each condition tested, and the expected results.
Test plans require input from both end users and information systems specialists.

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