Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Quiz
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the estimated overall incidence of SLE per 100,000 people?

  • 7.6 to 10.0
  • 10.0 to 15.0
  • 15.0 to 20.0
  • 1.8 to 7.6 (correct)

    • How much more frequently does SLE occur in women compared to men?

  • 12 to 16 times
  • 1 to 3 times
  • 4 to 12 times (correct)
  • 20 to 25 times

    • Which ethnic group experiences SLE more often than White Americans?

  • Hispanic Americans
  • Asian Americans
  • African Americans (correct)
  • European Americans

    • What type of lupus is mentioned as an alternative to SLE?

    <p>Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial trigger for SLE according to the text?

    <p>Inaccurate recognition of cell nucleus components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cytokine is overexpressed in SLE and helps B cells to overproduce antibodies?

    <p>B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the antibodies and antigens form in SLE?

    <p>Antigen–antibody complexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the antigen–antibody complexes have the propensity to get trapped in SLE?

    <p>Capillaries of visceral structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is thought to be responsible for the majority of the clinical manifestations of SLE?

    <p>Antibodies and antigens forming complexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of the antibodies in SLE?

    <p>Destroying host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) test in patients with SLE?

    <p>It indicates exceptional specificity for SLE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibody is highly specific to SLE and helps differentiate it from drug-induced lupus?

    <p>Anti-ds DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the development of anti-DNA antibody in SLE indicate?

    <p>Vascular involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical manifestations suggest vascular involvement in SLE?

    <p>Papular, erythematous, and purpuric lesions on fingertips and elbows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive anti-Sm antibody test indicate in SLE?

    <p>Specific protein found in the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be detected on physical examination in SLE patients indicating joint involvement?

    <p>Joint swelling, tenderness, warmth, pain on movement, stiffness, and edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of abnormal lung sounds in SLE patients?

    <p>Respiratory insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the presence of pleural effusions and infiltrations in SLE?

    <p>Respiratory insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of joint involvement in SLE?

    <p>Indicates exceptional specificity for SLE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of identifying and describing any central nervous system changes in SLE patients?

    <p>Indicates exceptional specificity for SLE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system is NOT commonly affected by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

    <p>Gastrointestinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of SLE patients experience joint pain and swelling?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of skin manifestation is common in SLE patients?

    <p>Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of renal involvement in SLE?

    <p>Antibody and immune complex buildup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is believed to contribute to the immunoregulatory disturbance in SLE?

    <p>Genetic, immunologic, hormonal, and environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of female sex hormones in the predisposition to SLE?

    <p>They increase the risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental trigger is implicated in the onset of SLE?

    <p>Cigarette smoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main method for diagnosing SLE?

    <p>Complete history and physical examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of central nervous system involvement in SLE?

    <p>Presents a wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the chronic states and acute flares experienced by SLE patients?

    <p>Intermittent condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its Manifestations

    • SLE is an autoimmune disease affecting any body system, with chronic states and acute flares.
    • Symptoms include fever, fatigue, skin rashes, joint pain, and swelling, affecting mucocutaneous, musculoskeletal, renal, nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems.
    • Up to 85% of SLE patients experience cutaneous manifestations, such as subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus and discoid rash.
    • Joint pain and swelling occur in over 90% of SLE patients, accompanied by morning stiffness.
    • Cardiac manifestations, including pericarditis, myocarditis, hypertension, arrhythmias, and valvular incompetence, are common in SLE.
    • Renal involvement, known as lupus nephritis, is characterized by antibody and immune complex buildup, leading to damage to the nephrons and potential hypertension.
    • Central nervous system involvement presents a wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms, including psychosis, cognitive impairment, seizures, neuropathies, transverse myelitis, and strokes.
    • Diagnosis of SLE is based on a complete history, physical examination, and blood tests, with special focus on skin changes, sensitivity to sunlight, and ulcerations in the mouth and throat.
    • Genetic, immunologic, hormonal, and environmental factors are believed to contribute to the immunoregulatory disturbance in SLE.
    • Multiple genes are likely implicated in the development of SLE, with most cases being sporadic and unrelated to family medical history.
    • Female sex hormones, particularly estrogen, are hypothesized to play a role in the predisposition to SLE.
    • Exogenous or environmental triggers, such as cigarette smoke, ultraviolet rays, certain medications, viral infections, emotional stress, and silica dust exposure, are also implicated in the onset of SLE.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its diverse manifestations with this quiz. Explore the symptoms, diagnostic methods, and factors contributing to this complex autoimmune disease.

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